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Questions related from Suresh Kumar Govindarajan
Reservoir Engineering 1. Whether Stokes equation that characterizes low Reynolds number incompressible flow of a single-phase Newtonian fluid in a rigid porous medium governed @ pore-scale with...
14 July 2023 4,555 0 View
Methane production from a CBM Reservoir: In the absence of a conventional gas trap, what kind of hydrological conditions associated with a coal-bed may not allow an efficient de-watering...
26 February 2021 7,273 1 View
Latest Forecast: Growth in Global Oil Demand to dwindle down from 10 Lakhs barrels/day in 2020 to 1 Lakh barells/day in 2030: What does it mean? Why do we focus only on reducing the fossil fuel...
22 December 2019 7,858 1 View
'CO2 in the atmosphere' Vs 'Solar Maxima': How do they influence the Mean Global Temperature?
15 December 2019 9,953 17 View
'Super Grand Solar Minimum' is about to commence: Are we heading towards a 'GLOBAL COOLING'? What is the major consequence that we can think of - in the event of - All the Four of the Sun's...
15 December 2019 9,111 3 View
If CO2 Levels in Atmosphere & in Oceans are assumed to be in Equilibrium; then, the respective fraction of ‘CO2 in Atmosphere’ & ‘CO2 in Oceans’ is a function of ‘Temperature’: Is it Earth’s...
14 December 2019 6,872 4 View
Smart Water Management (Reduction of Water Wastage & Enhancing Efficient Usage of Water Resources): A Feasible Technology in Developing Countries? With increasing growing population and...
14 December 2019 7,222 0 View
Following the discovery of New [Heavy] Oil & Gas Fields, Will Iran opt to exit from OPEC following Qatar & Ecuador? Will Iran successfully manage the 'Low recovery Factor' associated with...
14 December 2019 7,238 0 View
How does the Interfacial Tension (IFT) data deduced from a non-identifiable interface at the nano-scale such as oil-water interface (associated with a chemical flooding in a petroleum reservoir)...
18 October 2019 6,261 0 View
To what extent, the simple, conventional Leverett J-Function can be used as drainage-type capillary pressure model in order to correlate the capillary pressure and relative permeability - in the...
21 March 2019 9,408 0 View
CBM Reservoir: How efficient is the gas stimulation technique “Cavitation” {Open-Hole Cavity Completion} – as against – the conventional “hydraulic fracturing” in a typical CBM Reservoir?...
04 March 2019 9,040 0 View
Petroleum Reservoir - Well Test Analysis In the analysis of well test data, Is it fair - to extend the applicability of the total compressibility associated with the diffusivity constant in...
07 December 2018 8,398 0 View
Whether the approximation on the estimation of reservoir location from the well to be roughly around 61% of the drainage radius is valid only for a sandstone reservoir? Or If the same...
05 December 2018 4,066 3 View
Microscopic Darcy flux with the Macroscopic Darcy's law: How exactly do we bridge the gap between these two different scales? The Darcy flux (or the apparent velocity) pertains to the...
01 December 2018 8,095 2 View
In the context of Reservoir Engineering, we use "Intrinsic Permeability" (as against Hydraulic Conductivity); and we also use "mobility" or "hydraulic diffusivity". But, no where, "fluid...
28 November 2018 3,563 3 View
Is it practically feasible to know or measure the actual velocity of fluid motion or the actual cross-sectional area of fluid flow in a porous medium precisely? Is this the reason why - Are we...
27 November 2018 8,880 4 View
Can Gas Hydrates (a Green House Gas) quicken the Climate Change (Warming)?
20 November 2018 9,732 17 View
Whether NUMERICAL MODELS have really become the ARTIFACTs of inversion of field data to estimate hydraulic parameters in the context of modeling fluid flow through porous media?
13 November 2018 6,739 3 View
There are many reservoirs known to be naturally fractured that do not show dual-porosity behavior on build-ups, draw-downs or fluid displacement. If so, what could be the probable alternatives...
13 November 2018 1,767 3 View
If there is an intrusion of sea-water into freshwater aquifers, whether the cat-ion exchange is sufficient to account for the change in water chemistry?
29 October 2018 9,799 3 View
Is it that in hard-rock formations, groundwater character is essentially determined by hydraulic gradient rather than chemical rock-water interaction ? In case of hard rock formations, the...
29 October 2018 4,325 3 View
Pore Scale Modeling (PSM) for describing fluid flow through porous medium: Is it significantly different from Darcy’s macroscopic-scale modelling? Variations of fluid velocity and pore-geometry...
19 October 2018 2,101 3 View
Langmuir sorption isotherm is characterised by Maximum Sorption Capacity associated with the mono layer of sorption. Is there a feasibility that there could actually be more sorption sites than...
19 September 2018 5,662 5 View
Fluid Flow through a Conventional Gas Reservoir: Conventional diffusivity equation. Add the non-linear quadratic pressure-gradient term to account for the gas compressibility and reservoir...
19 September 2018 7,666 1 View
Field-scale permeability distribution does not have an unique description but it includes normal-distribution, log-normal distribution, multi-modal distribution and Levy stable distribution....
16 September 2018 2,577 3 View
CBM Reservoir - Critical Desorption Pressure - Gas starts desorbing and diffusing in coal-matrix. Which of the following approaches better describe the in-situ desorption of methane gas within the...
19 June 2018 841 1 View
A) Pore-pressure-gradient B) Fracture-pressure-gradient C) Downhole-mud-weight 1. Do we have specific variation pattern with depth for A, B, & C? 2. It is well known that the fracture gradient...
13 March 2018 4,189 1 View
Why does the concept of "turbulence" NOT finding a place in the design of gas well fracturing treatments associated with a porous medium? Actually Required: Turbulence concept while designing gas...
11 March 2018 5,808 1 View
Dear Sir/Madam, What exactly drives the fluid flow in a hydrocarbon reservoir - given the expansion and compression of reservoir-fluids and solid-rock-grains? (A) When there is ONLY a " constant...
11 March 2018 4,707 5 View
To perfect ownership in the oil and gas beneath your property, you need to be associated with a well - What happens to a farmer who owns a land with a potential oil/gas resource...
28 January 2018 2,774 3 View
Is it reasonable to assume a CBM reservoir to be homogeneous and isotropic with reference to porosity and permeability - even during - the later stages of production?
27 January 2018 1,615 3 View
The conditions required for the formation of natural gas hydrates occur frequently on the Earth’s continental margins (apart from a smart fraction associated with the Artic Permafrost): - Is there...
24 January 2018 7,128 2 View
In the event of hydrates forming within the high permeable fracture, whether Darcy’s law or Cubic law be used for describing the advection of natural gas or Random molecular diffusion (Fick’s 2nd...
24 January 2018 9,102 0 View
Is there any significant geo-hazard associated with dissociating gas hydrate on continental margins (excluding the facts such as (a) methane is 21 times more powerful greenhouse gas than CO2; (b)...
24 January 2018 5,930 3 View
Multi-Phase Fluid Flow: Reservoir Engineering / Unconventional Hydrocarbon Resources: Can anyone enlighten me on – whether – where could I get the field data on the following four parameters: (a)...
27 November 2016 3,879 2 View
In a fractured aquifer, how to distinguish the following? (1) Longitudinal and Transverse Dispersion (2) Transverse Dispersion and Matrix Diffusion (3) Matrix Diffusion and...
01 April 2016 4,382 2 View
(i) How does spatial and temporal distribution of radio-nuclide concentration get distributed as soon as it leaches out of the disposal facility, particularly in the near field, and that too, in...
27 March 2016 7,379 9 View
Given the fact that the nature of fluid flow varies from Darcy flow to slip flow for a given mean pore diameter (say, 100 nm) – when the reservoir pressure drops down by an order from its initial...
18 March 2016 8,330 0 View
Estimation of over-burden / pore / effective stress Estimation of settlement / consolidation
16 March 2016 6,252 4 View
Are there any references whereby we can get the details on (A) pressure in the vicinity of well; (B) pressure at the radius of influence; (C) the length of radius of influence; (D) the well...
16 March 2016 6,219 2 View
Does the organic matter associated with Gas Shales really get modified in order to provide INTERNAL MICRO-POROSITY during the metamorphism of the organic matter (apart from gas generation)?
01 January 1970 2,522 2 View
Sub-Surface Fluid Dynamics: Conceptual / Mathematical / Numerical Modelling Skills: Basic / Applied Research: Are we striking a balance between these models? Or Are We biased towards...
01 January 1970 4,402 2 View
Despite gas hydrate's role as a potential future energy resource, why does gas-hydrates present a large threat to the conventional oil and gas industry? The estimated value of global gas hydrates...
01 January 1970 9,290 6 View
The world has 3000 billion barrels of remaining oil (more than half of the World’s Oil Reserves) and 3000 trillion SCF gas in place (nearly half of the World’s Gas Reserves) in carbonate...
01 January 1970 8,615 17 View
Only Japan and China have been successful so far in extracting methane from gas-hydrate fields, albeit the fact that nearly 40 countries have carried out marine gas-hydrate explorations: Why is...
01 January 1970 1,403 3 View
Whether the permeability enhancement resulting from swelling of shale expansion has NO use at all? Background: Shale expansion from swelling increases the resultant over-burden stress in the...
01 January 1970 6,632 2 View
Where exactly, are we supposed to focus on the inhibition of hydrate-dissociation? Should the focus be confined only within the drill-pipe associated with the gas-hydrate bearing sediments? Or...
01 January 1970 416 1 View
CFD: When the solution algorithm is iterative in nature, and if the solution converges, then, Can we, by default, take it for granted that the associated fluid flow properties were...
01 January 1970 626 5 View
When agriculture (24%) and electricity generation (25%) together contribute nearly to one half of the green-house gas emissions {apart from transportation (14%); manufacturing (21%), building..."> When agriculture & electricity together contribute nearly 50% of green-house gas emissions, Will "Renewable Energy" alone be "THE SOLUTION" for GW?
01 January 1970 2,564 3 View
To what extent, the laboratory measurements - carried out in the context of securing details - on the relative permeability and capillary pressure curves of a shale reservoir would be meaningful,...
01 January 1970 7,529 1 View
Global Energy Demand: Where are we heading towards? Has global energy mix really shifted to low-carbon fuels? Has energy solution really varied over time and circumstances? Whether the...
01 January 1970 1,500 2 View
Will it be a Miracle to bring down the Production Cost of Petroleum Product (per barrel) resulting either from EOR or Heavy-oil to be at par with that of Conventional Oil? EOR or Heavy Oil...
01 January 1970 4,874 1 View
If hydrosphere is (fluid) mass conserved, then, Is it NOT about the " Reallocated Distribution of Water Resources on this earth"? Whether Global Warming really matters on a larger continental...
01 January 1970 2,520 5 View
Do we really have brains with varying characterization for men and women? Is it so difficult to strike a balance between emotion and intelligence for both the genders comfortably?
01 January 1970 9,829 6 View
In-situ Stresses: Whether stresses are being locally perturbed as a result of interaction with faults or lithological boundaries with depth? Are we really considering the ‘variations’ in...
01 January 1970 5,086 6 View
Is there any other critical factor(s) during the selection of drilling fluids (water-based, oil-based, foam and/or air/mist drilling fluids) for coring - besides the primary objective of the...
01 January 1970 9,304 3 View
Are we really characterizing, a continuous fluid flow of both oil and water - in an oil reservoir - throughout the production cycle (solution gas drive: both black-oil & volatile-oil...
01 January 1970 6,424 1 View
GOR (1) The magnitude of volume of gas required to move the oil through the reservoir formation to reach the well keeps increasing as the well becomes older. In such cases, if the production gets...
01 January 1970 3,544 2 View
Induced Hydraulic Fracturing by Water-Flooding: Whether the ‘fracture toughness’ of a consolidated reservoir-formation @ the beginning of oil production by primary depletion; and @ the beginning...
01 January 1970 9,857 1 View
Conceptual modeling of a Fractured Reservoir: Where are we heading towards? 1. Is it possible to secure the actual three-dimensional (and NOT the two-dimensional areal features - in the...
01 January 1970 2,551 2 View
BL Theory in a Fractured Reservoir: The Buckley-Leverett theory involves two systems which are similar in nature but are differentiated by time; and these systems may be described by the...
01 January 1970 4,713 1 View
Thermal-dispersion: An ignored heat transfer phenomena in Thermal EOR (by either injection of steam/hot-water or ISC)? 1. Relatively homogeneous ‘combustion tubes’ remain the primary reason...
01 January 1970 9,370 1 View
Influence of Hydrodynamic tilt-factor to Oil, Water & Gas production: Whether the presence of tilted fluid-fluid (particularly dynamic-OWC and not even GOC) contacts would still ensure the...
01 January 1970 1,939 2 View
Gas Formation Volume Factor (GFVF) as a function of Reservoir Pressure: Isothermal Compressibility below Bubble-Point (BP) Pressure: Since the conventional isothermal compressibility on crude...
01 January 1970 5,122 1 View
Reservoir-pressure and Volume of Dissolved Gas: At a reservoir pressure 500 psi, the volume of gas dissolved in the oil should be at least twice as great as that obtained from the laboratory...
01 January 1970 8,516 2 View
Hubbert’s prediction on Global Peak Oil and Hansen’s prediction on Global Warming by CO2: Whether the observed deviation is associated with (a) the unprecedented technological advancement or (b)...
01 January 1970 7,063 1 View
Estimation of volume of strata that serves as reservoirs for the oil: If a reservoir strata has relatively no variation in lithology and thickness over large areas, then, it will remain much...
01 January 1970 7,151 3 View
Gravitational segregation of pore-fluids: Given the fact that the frictional resistance to the migration of pore-fluids will get enhanced very swiftly with the reduction in pore-sizes, what...
01 January 1970 4,123 1 View
Fossil Fuels and Global Energy Demand: Do we have a breakthrough in the development of renewable energy sources? If not, what will be the approximate fraction of the global energy demand that...
01 January 1970 5,481 16 View
Modern Grand Solar Minimum (2020 – 2053): What are the possible consequences of a reduction in solar magnetic field (mitigation of total solar irradiance) resulting from modern GSM? Whether the...
01 January 1970 8,291 4 View
Is there a solid proof that ensures the concept of hydrate-sourced methane reaching the atmosphere in amounts sufficient to affect the global-methane and global-CO2 budget?
01 January 1970 1,936 1 View
What exactly causes Global Warming? Have we NOT broken the thermal insulation on the earth's crust / upper-mantle provided by the fossil fuels? Is it NOT that fossil fuels by default act as a...
01 January 1970 269 20 View
Stratospheric Aerosol Injection: Spraying sun-dimming chemicals (sulphate particles) into the Earth's Lower Stratosphere and dimming the sun: With possible consequences such as droughts,...
01 January 1970 9,600 3 View
Flooding: Given the fact that the intensive development consists in completely drilling an area according to some definite geometric pattern, whether ALL of the given below advantages of an...
01 January 1970 5,828 1 View
Injection of chemicals - associated with a chemical EOR – typically involves the suspensions of sub-micronic particles of the injected chemicals – during its transportation from injection well...
01 January 1970 6,468 0 View
Desalination plants: From polymer-based to graphene-based: Whether graphene-based sieves can efficiently filter out salts? Whether the pore-size down to the atomic-scale (closer to 1...
01 January 1970 2,295 3 View
Where do we stand – with reference to the estimation of reservoir permeability – when the degree of reservoir’s heterogeneity (spatial variability) remains high? For highly heterogeneous...
01 January 1970 5,818 0 View
CYCLONE PHETHAI: Which factors predominantly govern the Inner Core Structure of a Tropical Cyclone (TC)? What exactly decides the structure and intensity changes of a TC? How does the...
01 January 1970 7,163 0 View
Chemical EOR 1. Will it remain feasible to quantify the dispersion of the injected chemicals (Alkaline / Surfactant / Polymer) – in the absence of reproducing the ‘true fluid velocity field’ in a...
01 January 1970 9,971 1 View
Hydraulic Fracturing Whether mobility and diffusivity will get influenced if the viscosity of the injected fluid remains significantly different from that of the pore-fluid in the...
01 January 1970 1,978 1 View
GeoSphere 360 3D Reservoir Mapping-While-Drilling Service: Leading to an Improved Characterization of a Fractured/Carbonate Reservoir? Can we grab the details of three-dimensional (volumetric)...
01 January 1970 4,156 0 View
Energy Policy @ Local and Global Scales: Are they same or different? With China and India alone would account for nearly 40% of Global GDP in the next couple of decades, whether the current and...
01 January 1970 7,484 1 View
1. In order for us to have a successful sand clean-out job, how efficient are the coiled-tubing technologies: (a) ‘Jetting Rotating System’; and (b) ‘Real-Time Fiber-Optic DH Telemetry system’ –...
01 January 1970 3,779 0 View
Well Killing Technology: Taking into account the high frequency of workover operations (roughly 1 well workover per annum), will it be feasible to solve the problem of preservation, restoration...
01 January 1970 6,680 0 View
Well Placement Optimization Techniques and Energy Dissipation Contour: Given the fact that (in an under-saturated oil reservoir, during primary recovery) a relatively larger amount of oil can be...
01 January 1970 6,028 0 View
Considering the relatively larger dimension along the horizontal fluid flow direction with reference to the reservoir thickness in the vertical direction, the reservoir should mainly deform in...
01 January 1970 7,207 0 View
Artificial Intelligence in Petroleum Industry 1. Artificial: Does it simply imply that this approach has no occurrence in a real field scenario (Is it no more a reality??)? If it is not...
01 January 1970 8,512 0 View
Rheology 1. With reference to ‘shear stress’ of drilling fluid, when the material deformation occurs by relative deformation of ‘n’ number of fictious layers - upon applying a horizontal force to...
01 January 1970 5,053 0 View
Artificial Intelligence in Petroleum Engineering 1. Whether AI alone - would be able to mimic a real oil/gas field production scenario - in the absence of reservoir simulation? 2. What would...
01 January 1970 2,395 2 View
Reservoir Engineering: Capillary Pressure Would it remain feasible to capture and observe the two macroscopically distinct, single-phase fluid flow regions (oil and brine) - separated by an...
01 January 1970 4,000 0 View
Alkaline Flooding: Enhanced Oil Recovery During alkaline flooding, the indigenous natural acids present in the crude oil - tend to migrate towards the oil-water interface; and tend to chemically...
01 January 1970 6,832 0 View
Reservoir Engineering: Contact Angle Measurement 1. To what extent, the ‘gravitational force’ plays a crucial role: (a) when the fluid flow remains to be perfectly horizontal; (b) when the...
01 January 1970 2,986 1 View
Reservoir Engineering: Wettability 1. Whether ML/AI will be able to diagnose an in-depth role of wettability effects that affects distribution of fluids within a petroleum reservoir – as a...
01 January 1970 6,379 0 View
Post COVID19 1. Apart from, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)/broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs)/mosaic-based vaccine regimens, do we have an explicit vaccine for HIV – almost 40 years after...
01 January 1970 5,080 1 View
Bone Fracture Healing 1. What exactly (physics or physical parameters) causes an increase in volume of local tissue following an inflammation – associated with the initial anabolic phase of...
01 January 1970 9,937 1 View
Reservoir Compressibility: Useful only in land subsidence? Feasible to deduce the compressibility of a petroleum reservoir (sandstone) as a function of fluid-pressure drop in a reservoir? How...
01 January 1970 3,732 3 View
RESERVOIR COMPACTION: Feasible to ignore? When platy fine-grained sediments get deposited originally (even before the commencement of hydrocarbon production in the pay-zone thickness), they tend...
01 January 1970 6,095 3 View
Chemical EOR: Polymer Flooding 1. If polymer degradation could be substantial @ elevated temperatures (over 70 deg C), can’t we expect the stability of polymers @ a relatively deeper depths (over...
01 January 1970 4,881 0 View
Defining the Departure from Darcy Regime If Reynolds Number represents the ratio of the ‘momentum flux’ to the ‘viscous stress’ (which can also be interpreted to be as the ratio between the...
01 January 1970 556 0 View
Effective Porosity: Feasible to measure? Since, most of a 'petroleum reservoir cross section' remains occupied ‘by rock’ and ‘by oil and water’ that remains securely attached to the rock...
01 January 1970 2,829 1 View
Reservoir Engineering: Darcy’s Law Henry Darcy experimentally demonstrated that volumetric flow rate through a saturated sand column remained directly proportional to (a) total head loss across...
01 January 1970 2,685 0 View
The secondary migration in a carrier bed commences, when the buoyancy of oil & gas remains sufficient enough that overcomes the entry pressure; and it remains a function of tilt and the height...
01 January 1970 954 0 View
Darcy’s law and pore-scale hydrodynamics: As against hydro-static equilibrium, during an oil production, when oil and water keeps moving (hydro-dynamic condition) through the pores in an...
01 January 1970 748 1 View
Areal heterogeneity and Sweep Efficiency: Areal-heterogeneity used in the estimation of Volumetric Sweep Efficiency is almost an unknown? Whether logging and coring appraisal wells will ever...
01 January 1970 7,145 0 View
Bernoulli’s Theorem The pore-fluids (water, oil & water) associated with an oil reservoir have internal fluid friction (or viscosity). Hence, the work done on water, oil & gas particles would...
01 January 1970 8,952 5 View
MEAN (Ave) – SD (Sigma) – Reservoir Heterogeneity: Given the fact that the probability density function for permeability remains log-normal, leaving aside arithmetic-mean, can a simple...
01 January 1970 3,433 3 View
Wind Energy 1. Unforeseen and enhanced wind turbine failure rates, mostly in newer and bigger models, are mangling 'wind energy' revenues? 2. Whether wind projects would remain to be...
01 January 1970 4,572 0 View
Reservoir Engineering 1. If connate water represents the water from fresh/marine sources that originally existed in sedimentary rocks as sediments were deposited before drilling, then, are they...
01 January 1970 8,756 0 View
What exactly we learn from the laboratory results, associated with Thermal/Chemical/Microbial EOR processes, when we know for sure that the up-scaling from the laboratory results to its...
01 January 1970 9,110 0 View
Blood Flow: Do we have a proper momentum conservation equation for characterizing blood flow? 1. Whether the dimensionless Womersley (Wo) number can be used to describe the transient nature...
01 January 1970 2,677 0 View
Underground Hydrogen Storage 1. Whether the low-density and low-viscosity hydrogen also could be stored safely and successfully underground in depleted reservoir and saline aquifers similar to...
01 January 1970 7,219 0 View
Chemical EOR – Part C 1. How do we know, whether, when exactly, the concentration of the injected ‘viscoelastic surfactants’ start exceeding the ‘critical micelle concentration’ as well as...
01 January 1970 6,609 0 View
Drilling Fluid Systems 1. In the context of gas hydrate bearing reservoirs; the low-temperature thickening of drilling fluids would generally lead to an increase in ECD @ bottom of the...
01 January 1970 7,386 0 View
Two-phase Fluid low in a Petroleum Reservoir Whether the inherent ‘hysteresis’ in a petroleum reservoir – has really made it difficult – in order to develop – appropriate models of oil-water flow...
01 January 1970 6,621 2 View
Darcy’s Law and the Role of Gravity forces and Capillary Pressure 1. Since ‘gravity forces’ have a pronounced effect on ‘pressure distribution curves’ for a definite range of injection flow...
01 January 1970 9,766 1 View
Recent study has suggested that mortality associated with severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia is more often associated with respiratory failure that increases the risk of unresolving VAP and is less...
01 January 1970 7,424 0 View
How sensitive is the Antartic Ice Sheet (that can potentially contribute to sea level rise of nearly 60 m on the global ocean) to the Global Warming? Why does the Rate of Thinning of Ice Sheets...
01 January 1970 2,551 1 View
Upscaling For an immiscible, incompressible multi-phase fluid flow in a petroleum reservoir, if the total flow rate plays an identical role as energy in ordinary statistical mechanics; and if...
01 January 1970 3,419 0 View
Fluid Pressure in a Cap Rock 1. How do we generally ensure (in a real field scenario) that the fluid pressure in a cap rock or seal (associated with a typical petroleum reservoir) remains always...
01 January 1970 7,692 0 View
Fluid Flow through Petroleum Reservoirs: Role of Reservoir Engineers in the last couple of centuries (1827 - present) From Navier-Stokes Equation in 1846 (derived by Navier, Poisson,...
01 January 1970 9,682 2 View
Polymer Flooding 1. If we need approximately 10 tons of polymer-containing water, which requires to be injected - in order to recover - just one ton of crude oil, then, how much...
01 January 1970 9,135 0 View
Gas Hydrate Inhibition 1. Depending on the size of methane/ethane/propane/CO2 (guest) molecules with suitable (high) pressure and (low) temperature conditions, if, different hydrate structures...
01 January 1970 5,414 0 View
Petroleum Engineering: Formation Evaluation 1. Since the formation evaluation techniques cover over 10 orders of magnitude (gross structure using satellite imagery [10^6 m] to micro-pore...
01 January 1970 1,667 3 View
Climate change: Problem would remain solved by giving up the use of fossil fuels? 1. In the context of ‘global greenhouse gas emissions by gas’, even if we ignore (a) CO2 release from forestry...
01 January 1970 1,340 8 View
Reservoir Engineering: Are we strictly following continuum hypothesis in a petroleum reservoir? 1. With the possibility of multiple (tortuous) pathways, which pathway remains the fastest (or...
01 January 1970 5,631 0 View
Reservoir Engineering: Darcy’s Law Since, Darcy’s law represents the simplified version of ‘fluid momentum conservation’ deduced from Navier-Stokes equation, how can the associated reservoir...
01 January 1970 6,709 0 View
Reservoir Engineering 1. Feasible to capture the transition between (a) and (b) @ laboratory-scale? (a) where, an oil phase gets disconnected into blobs (and remain strongly influenced by...
01 January 1970 6,217 1 View
Reservoir Engineering: Data handling by ML During reservoir characterization and reservoir engineering applications, we got to deal with ‘data’ from ‘multiple sources’ gathered @ ‘various...
01 January 1970 548 0 View
CO2 Sequestration 1. At the laboratory-scale investigation, how do we justify, the selection of suitable geological formations for storing CO2 - associated with the field-scale investigation...
01 January 1970 8,137 1 View
Petroleum Reservoir Geo-mechanics 1. To what extent, whether the common assumption of principal stress falling in the vertical plane - with other two stresses falling in the horizontal plane –...
01 January 1970 708 1 View
Reservoir Geology As against ‘sandstone reservoirs’, ‘carbonate reservoirs’ are usually characterized by ‘extreme’ and more often ‘random’ variations of porosity, permeability and rock-type...
01 January 1970 9,357 1 View
Reservoir Engineering Leaving aside the applications on ‘thermal recovery of heavy oil’ and ‘reservoir compaction’ (subsidence), whether, the (conventionally encountered) ‘changes in temperature’...
01 January 1970 6,864 0 View
Natural Gas Hydrates Whether the triggering of a phase-change from hydrates to gas and water – during gas production – by depressurization/thermal-stimulation/chemical-inhibitor-injection -...
01 January 1970 3,569 1 View
AI set to become ‘super power’ in the absence of sixth-sense? And, what would happen to AI, if there happens to be an earth-directed Coronal Mass Ejection that significantly unsettles the...
01 January 1970 3,408 1 View
Reservoir Engineering 1. What is the very purpose of replacing ‘hydraulic head’ by ‘pressure head’ in PE? 2. Whether the concept of ‘total head’ could afford to ignore kinetic head in the...
01 January 1970 4,638 0 View
Pseudo-Steady fluid flow through an oil reservoir: Feasible under special circumstances? When multi-phase fluid (water, oil and gas) is flowing out of an under-saturated oil reservoir – towards...
01 January 1970 7,242 1 View
Drilling Fluid Systems 1. Drilling fluid being ‘the blood of the drilling process’ essentially relates - either directly or indirectly - to ‘the problems or solutions’ of wellbore...
01 January 1970 8,066 0 View
Reservoir Geomechanics 1. When exactly, we are forced to consider a petroleum reservoir to be a deformable body? OR Are we supposed to consider a petroleum reservoir, by default, a deformable...
01 January 1970 7,702 0 View
Data Science in Carbonate Reservoirs: Feasible to train data with ease? If carbonate genesis and diagenetic overprint could produce ‘complex multi-scale pore structures’ that could...
01 January 1970 4,157 0 View
Reservoir Heterogeneity With Darcian approach (considering only macroscopic fluctuations despite the reservoir being heterogeneous microscopically and involving frequency as well as spatial...
01 January 1970 6,603 2 View
ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY 1. Apart from ‘reversal of wettability’, to what extent, chemical EOR by the addition of nano-particles in the absence of surfactants (or stabilizers or surfactant-like...
01 January 1970 4,187 1 View
Reservoir Engineering – Permeability 1. To what extent, the concept of ‘scale-dependent permeability’ (as against, single-valued ’average reservoir permeability’) remains critical – while...
01 January 1970 9,635 1 View
Are there significant differences between core-flooding parameters and its respective up-scaled model (field-scale petroleum reservoir) resulting from model, scale and/or measurement effects? A...
01 January 1970 4,986 0 View
Inter-facial Tension (IFT) Whether Young and Dupre Equations will remain valid either during secondary or tertiary oil recovery? How about their validity in an oil-wet and a carbonate...
01 January 1970 8,946 0 View
Reservoir Engineering 1. Whether the way, by which viscous, capillary and gravity forces consume energy from a petroleum reservoir; and eventually, the way, they produce fluid through the...
01 January 1970 537 0 View
Solar energy 1. Are we really convinced with the abundant number of required solar panels – for a given energy output – associated with the relatively lower energy density of solar power – in...
01 January 1970 2,386 0 View
Geo-mechanics based Pore-geometry Since the magnitude of ‘threshold capillary pressure’ (the minimum entry pressure required to initiate the displacement of a defending phase by an invading phase...
01 January 1970 6,812 0 View
Dynamics of a droplet in an inclined constricted capillary channel (Analysis of snap-off of a droplet) How easy will it be - to maintain a ‘constant flow rate’ – by having a control over the...
01 January 1970 8,995 0 View
Waxy Crude Oils: Darcy’s Law for Thixotropic Fluids? Case (A): For ordinary crude oils with Newtonian behavior: With porosity and permeability defined as macroscopic parameters, the volumetric...
01 January 1970 9,932 0 View
The average fluid velocity is deduced from NSE (Navier-Stokes-Equation). Now, an analogy is made with the Darcy's law and eventually, a relation for an intrinsic permeability is deduced as a...
01 January 1970 3,513 2 View
Fingering 1. How exactly the concept of ‘fingering’ (tongues of displacing fluid forming @ interface, when displacing fluid moves more easily than the displaced one) needs to be...
01 January 1970 6,665 0 View
Quantitative Estimation of Reservoir Dynamic Properties 1. Does 4D Seismic data really complement well production information that remains spatially sparse and temporally dense by essentially...
01 January 1970 5,381 1 View
Reservoir Heterogeneity If the pore structure remains to be no more ‘isotropic’ and thereby possibly leading to ‘asymmetric stresses’ in a sandstone reservoir, can we expect a corresponding...
01 January 1970 5,203 0 View
Sand Production 1. We may end up with ‘sanding’ (flow of sand-grains or particles into the wellbore along with hydrocarbons – leading to damages such as erosion on surface facilities and...
01 January 1970 3,005 1 View
Drilling 1. If the stress fields in drilling remain characterized by high spatial gradients of stress; and if the stress gradients are known to interact with rock fracture properties; then,...
01 January 1970 3,523 0 View
Role of Machine Learning (ML) in Drilling Fluid Design 1. Drilling fluid essentially relates either directly or indirectly to ‘the problems or solutions’ of wellbore instability; lost...
01 January 1970 3,364 0 View
LAND SUBSIDENCE Whether capturing the minute variations in earth’s surface using continuous Global Positioning System; or, Extensometers; or, Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar would...
01 January 1970 7,220 2 View
Formation Evaluation: Fractured Reservoir 1. During exploration phase, how precisely would we be able to define the prospective structure of a fractured reservoir field by using seismic records,...
01 January 1970 1,063 2 View
Reservoir Geomechanics 1. Why do we need to forecast both the ‘stress-regimes’ and ‘pore-pressure distribution’ prior to drilling? 2. Feasible to capture the evolution of ‘restructuring of...
01 January 1970 7,547 2 View
What drives the fluid flow during Primary Migration? How does the hydrocarbon move within a non-reservoir rock (source rock), before it starts heading towards a reservoir rock? Is it just...
01 January 1970 2,157 10 View
Drilling Fluids Having known that, nearly, none of the developed rheological models remain universal enough to describe precisely, the behavior of drilling fluids in a wide range of shear rates,...
01 January 1970 5,563 0 View
Fluid Flow through CBM Reservoirs 1. Feasible to quantify ‘gas storage capacity’ and ‘diffusion coefficient of coal’ as a function of ‘pore-structure’ evolution and it’s influence on gas-solid...
01 January 1970 1,508 0 View
While fabricating micro-models that mimics a carbonate reservoir, synthetic “oil-wetting solid surfaces” and synthetic “high permeable fractures” are introduced to alter the wettability of the...
01 January 1970 8,673 10 View
Groundwater Hydrology Distribution and Movement of Groundwater: Do we have the required data? Apart from the data on (a) the amount of rainfall; and (b) the details of aquifer and fluid...
01 January 1970 2,599 3 View
Electric Vehicles 1. Where do we stand now – with reference to an electric car driver’s complain about the awkward and unreliable charging infrastructure which makes long-distance travel a...
01 January 1970 6,827 4 View
Machine Learning (ML) in Reservoir Engineering 1. In the context of reservoir modeling, can we treat the ‘conceptual model’ as “actions”, where ML would treat each physical, chemical or...
01 January 1970 5,377 0 View
Whether relatively permeability in an oil-water petroleum reservoir system depends on the following (a) Viscosity Ratio (b) Capillary Number (c) Interfacial area between two immiscible...
01 January 1970 3,321 0 View
Hydraulic Stimulation 1. Whether reservoir stimulation has really achieved its objective successfully in enhancing the resultant ‘hydraulic-connectivity’ (reservoir permeability)? How far have we...
01 January 1970 4,808 0 View
RESERVOIR ENGINEERING 1. When we use parabolic dominant one-dimensional diffusion equation for describing gas flow, won’t the coefficients permeability, gas compressibility and porosity - remain...
01 January 1970 3,817 0 View
Fundamental Reservoir Units While the storage capacity of a reservoir remains determined by the ‘reservoir porosity’ (texture); and the ‘transmissive capacity’ (the ease with which the fluids...
01 January 1970 5,325 0 View
Petroleum Geo-mechanics 1. Whether Karl Terzaghi’s ‘effective stress principle’ on ‘consolidation’ – with reference to ‘fluid-rock interaction’ – associated with a ‘transient hydraulic behavior...
01 January 1970 982 0 View
Clean energy projects: 'Developed world (and China)' Vs ‘Rest of the World’? The investments in solar power are on course to overtake spending on oil production for the first time: What does...
01 January 1970 4,722 1 View
Any chance of high oil prices - really inducing - more discoveries - which then - may lead to the enhancement in the amount of proven reserves? Environmental protests and government restrictions...
01 January 1970 2,158 0 View
Feasible to define reservoir fluid flow under steady-state conditions? If a well is drilled in a petroleum reservoir – that penetrates the entire thickness of the reservoir (pay-zone...
01 January 1970 1,840 1 View
DFN Approach for Fractured Reservoirs: Suitable at local-scale? DFN approach (a) may easily incorporate field-data; (b) may render near-realistic fracture networks that may possibly include...
01 January 1970 9,216 0 View
CARBONATE RESERVOIR CHARACTAERIZATION 1. As against primary porosity - either inter-granular or intra-particle porosity (which mostly remain insensitive to stresses and thereby not actively...
01 January 1970 3,753 1 View
Flow of Newtonian fluids through an Oil Reservoir: In a producing oil reservoir, in a radial coordinate system (as against unidirectional fluid flow) under non-isothermal conditions, will the...
01 January 1970 3,646 5 View
GOR Variation in Fractured Carbonate Reservoir: Different from a sandstone reservoir? Whether the following statements associated with a sandstone reservoir – will also remain true for a...
01 January 1970 5,788 1 View
Current crude oil production approaching nearly 100 million barrels per day: How long will it sustain? Currently only 30% of the production pertains to carbonate reservoir, while 70% production...
01 January 1970 5,928 6 View
RESERVOIR ENGINEERING 1. Whether reservoir thickness and cross sectional area do not affect the RF at all during water-flooding? 2. Whether the cumulative oil production no more depends on...
01 January 1970 1,717 0 View
Reservoir Simulation 1. To what extent, the pore-scale modeling methods remain useful in predicting ‘the macroscopic properties’ of reservoir rock/fluid properties - towards describing the...
01 January 1970 4,328 0 View
To what extent, the efficiency of the ‘reservoir drive mechanisms’ will be dictated by (a) the back-pressure from the atmosphere - resulting from the weight of the fluid column in the...
01 January 1970 3,131 0 View
Reservoir Engineering: Assumptions of Darcy’s Law Under what circumstances, ALL the following conditions remain valid in a petroleum reservoir? (a) Darcy’s law representing the classic...
01 January 1970 6,843 0 View
Reservoir Engineering 1. Under reservoir compartmentalization, how easy would it remain to deduce the ‘depth of free water level’ (where, buoyancy pressure remains zero in a reservoir-aquifer...
01 January 1970 3,527 1 View
Low Salinity Water Flooding (LSWF) 1. LSWF: Is it an IOR (injection of produced water) or an EOR technique (injection of water with altered chemistry); or neither? 2. Feasible to...
01 January 1970 5,180 0 View
Reservoir Engineering 1. Capillary pressure not being uniquely dependent on saturation, how easy would it remain to deduce the data on the saturation history of the core (hysteresis) @...
01 January 1970 6,405 0 View
EOR: Contact Angle 1. Dynamic contact angle remains equal to the static contact angle, only when, the flow velocity remains to be very small. How easy would it remain to figure out such a...
01 January 1970 9,203 2 View
EPA data projects that in 2017, Oil & Gas sector methane emissions have topped 200 million tons of CO2-Equivalent. If so, Are we biased towards CO2 emission, while still ignoring methane emission?
01 January 1970 8,986 4 View
Are we receiving necessary information for amply assessing the groundwater pollution potential? OR Are we biased towards the hydro-geological settings (that potentially decides the transport...
01 January 1970 3,494 3 View
Artificial Intelligence 1. Human brain (1.35 Kg) containing around 100 billion neurons and 100 trillion nerve fibers connections, the way two halves (right & left brain) of our brain work...
01 January 1970 9,617 1 View
Sun and Earth: How friendly are they? 1. Feasible to 'prevent or slow-down', the Sun transforming Hydrogen into Helium? If so, are we not allowing to decrease the proportion of Hydrogen at...
01 January 1970 8,691 0 View
Sun’s Energy Budget: Has any relevance with Earth’s Climate? 1. How do we exactly know, whether, 4 million tons of mass gets converted into energy each second, by considering, 600 million...
01 January 1970 5,472 1 View
Reservoir Simulation Whether the concept of (standard) ‘history matching’ problem remains mathematically ‘well-posed’? If so, then, how do we end up with ‘numerical instabilities’ in the...
01 January 1970 2,510 0 View
Underground Hydrogen Storage (UHS) 1. Low molecular weight, low-dense, low-viscous and high-mobile hydrogen with possible gravity-overriding, viscous fingering, channeling and enhanced...
01 January 1970 6,748 1 View
Reservoir Simulation 1. Since IMPES (implicit pressure calculation carried out @ each time step followed by an explicit saturation calculation for black-oil reservoir simulation) scheme remains...
01 January 1970 9,791 0 View
Reservoir Engineering: Fluid Flow 1. In describing fluid flow through a petroleum reservoir (diffusivity equation), why do we have only divergence of diffusive flux; and not the divergence of...
01 January 1970 596 0 View
Leaky Petroleum Reservoirs: Are the confining beds (top & bottom) of a petroleum reservoir are completely impermeable with extremely low-permeability? Are the vertical flow components remain...
01 January 1970 3,438 2 View
Are we permanently losing groundwater? How exactly climate-change gets connected with groundwater storage and transportation? Although global aquifer storage capacity remains to be...
01 January 1970 2,547 6 View
CO2 Sequestration Why are we concerned about the consequences of CO2 sequestration (in particular, CO2 escape/leakage or mineral dissolution over 1000s of years), when Sun itself - may...
01 January 1970 8,069 2 View
Chemical EOR 1. High capillary forces being the primary reason behind oil trapping, to what extent, reduction of these capillary forces by EOR techniques would remain to be fruitful using Darcian...
01 January 1970 221 1 View
White Lung Syndrome: Is it just a deteriorated immunity from infection and reinfection with COVID19? OR Is it a coinfection with COVID19 and Mycoplasma pneumoniae? 1. With clusters of cases of...
01 January 1970 6,498 1 View
Well Integrity 1. Whether the current 7% of the wells facing wellbore integrity failure would still keep increasing with challenging locations and harsher environments? How easy would it...
01 January 1970 9,846 0 View
Laboratory-scale to Field-Scale: Easy to scale it up? With all the advancements, to what extent, (a) the relative permeability curves; (b) the capillary pressure curves (function of phase...
01 January 1970 9,407 1 View
RESERVOIR SIMULATION 1. Whether the reduction from three-dimensional to two-dimensional numerical algorithms – associated with the migrations of water/oil/gas in large-scale reservoir simulations...
01 January 1970 8,285 1 View
Formation Evaluation: Shaly-sand Formation 1. Would it remain feasible to confirm the detection of a ‘commercially sweet onshore dry gas field’ - drilled vertically - using water-based mud - to...
01 January 1970 5,990 2 View
Groundwater Resources and Climate Change 1. Asia uses 65% of groundwater, worldwide on an annual basis, while rest of the continents use significantly smaller fraction. If so, groundwater remains...
01 January 1970 1,843 5 View
Most of the - Recent doctoral theses - are essentially focusing on the various PROJECTS that the research advisor has. Does it NOT amount to a programmed instruction? Does it NOT eliminate the...
01 January 1970 5,130 2 View
Global Warming and Evolving Petroleum Reservoir System Temperature being one of the critical factors in the generation of hydrocarbons in a source rock (which has already attained a minimum...
01 January 1970 6,065 1 View
Reservoir Management Process by a Reservoir Engineer/Team Work/AI 1. Upon joining a petroleum industry, immediately following graduation in PE, how long, in general, would take for a ‘fresh...
01 January 1970 8,211 2 View
Climate change leading to a 'Super-Dynamic' Coastal System? 1. Regarding the accelerated sea-level rise predictions associated with the melting of glaciers and ice sheets and from thermal...
01 January 1970 6,149 1 View
Reservoir Engineering: Relative Permeability 1. Would it remain feasible to estimate a single-valued, flow-rate independent steady-state ‘drainage relative permeability’ (or ‘characteristic...
01 January 1970 4,598 1 View
Formation Damage 1. Whether the fraction of authigenic clays that grow on the solid grain surfaces of reservoir rock over geological times; and the fraction of detrital clays that gets broken...
01 January 1970 1,651 0 View
Chemical EOR: Crude Oil Emulsions Feasible to bridge the gap between real field scenario and experimental observations? 1. Whether the way, the internal-phase (or droplet-phase) gets dispersed...
01 January 1970 8,281 0 View
Methane Emission and Climate-Change In the context of fugitive methane emissions associated with development of natural gas, whether the huge variation between conventional gas (just 0.01 % of...
01 January 1970 886 0 View
RESERVOIR ENGINEERING In the classical Young-Laplace (YL) equation, the capillary pressure or the pressure difference over an interface between two fluids is expressed in terms of the surface...
01 January 1970 4,343 0 View
Water-wet & CO2-wet: Wettability becoming a function of (a) formation pressure as well as (b) aquifer depth?
01 January 1970 7,965 0 View
Saffman-Taylor instability of a shear-dependent rheological fluid in a radial reservoir at later time periods: Why is it difficult to attain steady-state fluid flow condition with a dominating...
01 January 1970 4,647 0 View
Oil Recovery as a function of Capillary Number: When the residual oil saturation and the imbibition-drainage hysteresis remain a function of Capillary Number, whether the “non-wetting phase”...
01 January 1970 9,293 0 View
RESERVOIR ENGINEERING 1. Oil-water flow; Oil-gas flow; Water-gas flow: Controlled by the same set of parameters? (a) Viscosity contrast between the fluids; (b) IFT between the fluids; (c)...
01 January 1970 4,409 0 View
Artificial Intelligence in Reservoir Engineering 1. How exactly a reservoir engineer would respond to an AI system with reference to a real oil/gas field scenario as on date? 2. Why should a...
01 January 1970 161 2 View
Homogeneous Reservoir: Do we have a “homogeneous reservoir formation” in reality - as almost all the reservoir formations display spatial variations in reservoir permeability? Do we at least...
01 January 1970 9,963 4 View
Chemical EOR – Part B 1. Is there a correlation between (a) IFT reduction; and (b) ‘capillary forces’ reduction (during the alteration of the reservoir rock surface’s wettability from oil-wet...
01 January 1970 5,817 0 View
Extension/Modification of Original Darcy’s Law for its applicability in a Petroleum Reservoir 1. Does modified Darcy’s law allow the investigation of complex reservoir fluid (water, oil &...
01 January 1970 2,138 0 View
Darcy’s Law 1. What is the ‘characteristic length’ associated with Darcy’s law? Feasible to deduce it by any means? Is it just a pore-size? Or, a grain size? If so, then, 'average...
01 January 1970 2,287 1 View
Reservoir Geo-mechanics: Biot’s Coefficient 1. How important is the concept of Biot’s coefficient (involved in Biot’s effective stress relationship which assumes that total isotropic confining...
01 January 1970 4,956 1 View
Petroleum Reservoir System 1. Do we now have a lucidity on, whether, how exactly, hydrocarbons keep moving out of source rock (in solution; in colloidal suspension; or, as proto-petroleum; or,...
01 January 1970 6,129 0 View
What exactly drives fluid flow in a Shale Gas Reservoir? If the mean pore-size of an ‘extremely fine-grained’, ‘nano-scale pore-structure’ of a ‘shale gas reservoir’ remain to be lesser than...
01 January 1970 5,443 0 View
Post-Pandemic status of Petroleum Industry as well as a Petroleum Engineering Graduate 1. Whether the focus on the extraction of unconventional resources from unconventional oil/gas...
01 January 1970 6,576 0 View
Reservoir Simulation - CO2 Sequestration 1. Whether Local Capillary Trapping (LCT) associated with small-scale reservoir heterogeneity critically dictate the storage capacity of a given deep...
01 January 1970 6,557 0 View
Groundwater samples and water quality data: whether the geologic setting would significantly influence the results? Geologic Setting: Porous media - where water and contaminants move through...
01 January 1970 1,959 6 View
Could we rule out the possibility of 'residual CO2 trapping' in structural and stratigraphic traps, where, only, water drainage occurs upon CO2 injection?
01 January 1970 9,206 1 View
How about the behaviour of the methane gas that ascends through the complex migration pathways? In other words, Is it feasible to characterise the flow regime associated with the gas...
01 January 1970 8,536 0 View
Water-Flooding/EOR 1. When naturally available reservoir energy (energy produced from fluid expansion and from other energy sources such as from the forces exerted by the overlaying strata or...
01 January 1970 8,915 0 View
Shale Gas Development: Would it become more sustainable and less polluting in the near future? 1. What is the current status of fracking (high-volume, slick-water hydraulic fracturing) with...
01 January 1970 4,751 0 View
LAND SUBSIDENCE 1. Feasible to apply the same concept of ‘consolidation’ (associated with the drainage of a clay layer) - used in soil mechanics - for assessing the compaction - associated...
01 January 1970 1,383 1 View
Hydraulic Fracturing 1. Feasible to capture the three-dimensional ‘stress shadowing or stress disturbance’ (the way, the stress magnitude and the stress distribution/field changes around the...
01 January 1970 1,176 0 View
Capillary Pressure 1. Since, the order by which displacement sequences occur in a petroleum reservoir remains primarily governed by the values of pore-scale ‘threshold capillary pressure’ (the...
01 January 1970 5,067 0 View
Formation Evaluation: 1. Whether the concept of Pickett cross-plot (a graphical representation of the solution to Archie water saturation equation) has really provided the required bridging...
01 January 1970 9,322 0 View
Drill Pipe Failure Analysis 1. Following the (fast approaching) energy crisis, what is the rate of increase in the number of deep wells (say, a well drilled, at least below 15,000 ft for the...
01 January 1970 2,737 2 View
UAE Flooding: Has Cloud Seeding any Relevance? Cloud seeding needs to target the clouds in its early stage before it rains, in the absence of any thunderstorm development. UAE’s Cloud seeding...
01 January 1970 2,115 0 View
Climate Change: Explore yourself and you decide. 1. Climate and weather: Are they same? 2. Climate: An average weather over at least 30 years? 3. Climate change: Keeps happening for...
01 January 1970 5,128 0 View
Even before carbon dioxide, did we have a problem with nitrous oxide too? 1. Back in 1970, it was claimed that the excess nitrogen buildup (from the use of synthetic fertilizers, discharge of...
01 January 1970 4,757 2 View
Extreme Events 1. Would it remain feasible to include the concept of Blocking Systems (long-lasting, quasi-stationary and self-sustaining tropospheric flow patterns that are associated with...
01 January 1970 7,175 0 View
Carbonate Reservoir Characterization: Part 18 1. How exactly the origin and deposition of carbonate sediments remain controlled by tectonism, climate, eustatic and sedimentation changes,...
01 January 1970 866 0 View
Oceanic Heat Content (OHC) 1. Would it remain feasible to verify and validate the variations in the effective radiative forcings of the earth resulting from enhancement in greenhouse gases...
01 January 1970 5,877 1 View
Recollecting the Thoughts of Marlan Downey: What characteristics define a great source rock? With regard to source rock candidates, Was 1000 feet of 1 percent organic matter as good as 100 feet...
01 January 1970 6,479 0 View
Flash Flooding in UAE: Could have been avoided? Risk of flash flooding in UAE very well known. Changes in land use arising from enhanced urbanization over last few decades. And as a result,...
01 January 1970 6,003 4 View
Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery [Dynamic IFT, dynamic wettability, interface stiffening] If capillary pressure in a cylindrical pore of a particular radius depends on contact angle and...
01 January 1970 5,101 1 View
Reservoir Engineering Oil Trapping Mechanism @ Laboratory-Scale Would it remain feasible to replicate the following scenario at the laboratory-scale? Oil (non-wetting fluid) getting...
01 January 1970 4,001 0 View
Carbonate Reservoir Characterization: Part 04 1. To what extent, the concept of total permeability of a coupled fracture-matrix system in a carbonate reservoir would remain to be...
01 January 1970 2,652 0 View
Carbonate Reservoir Characterization: Part 03 1. In a typical carbonate reservoir, does the saturation of a non-wetting phase depend on any other function than (a) the interfacial tension...
01 January 1970 6,404 0 View
Global Energy Market: Feasible to quarantine Fossil Fuel Energy? 1. Whether the debility in investment towards oil, gas, coal and low-carbon fuel supply is only ‘a brief tumult’ – resulting from...
01 January 1970 1,750 4 View
Characterization of Primary and Secondary Recovery Processes in an Oil Reservoir: Theoretical Assumptions and Experimental Limitations Part 14 1. Since, the concept of a ‘general’...
01 January 1970 6,502 0 View
Characterization of Primary and Secondary Recovery Processes in an Oil Reservoir: Theoretical Assumptions and Experimental Limitations Part 15 1. Can we try to validate the ‘laboratory...
01 January 1970 7,360 0 View
Seismic Inversion and Carbonate Reservoir Characterization 1. Feasible to precisely understand the rock properties – from the spatial variations in impedance contrasts – towards estimating the...
01 January 1970 5,582 1 View
Hydrogen Storage 1. Upon storing hydrogen in metal cylinders, in the form of compressed gas, how early, in general, we end up with ‘hydrogen embrittlement’ – that leads to the deterioration...
01 January 1970 4,327 0 View
Chemical EOR 1. What exactly dictates the economic viability of a surfactant-aided chemical EOR - despite it's retention of surfactants through adsorption, precipitation, degradation &...
01 January 1970 563 2 View
CO2 Sequestration in Deep Saline Aquifers [Depleted Oil & Gas Reservoirs Vs Deep Saline Aquifers] [Pore-scale, REV, Core/Laboratory-scale, Pilot-scale, Geostatistical-scale,...
01 January 1970 2,206 0 View
CO2 Sequestration [CO2 leakage rate] 1. When, reported leakage rates from natural CO2 stores range between a few tonnes to several hundred thousand tonnes per annum, whether, the high...
01 January 1970 1,990 1 View
CO2 Sequestration [CO2-plume spread; viscous, gravity and capillary forces] To what extent, the aquifer/reservoir rock properties collected from the near-well region (through well-logging or...
01 January 1970 332 0 View
Earth’s Climate Change [CCS; BECCS; Afforestation] BECCS (Bio Energy Carbon Capture and Storage) demanding nearly 1 billion hectare of land (more than two thirds of all the land currently...
01 January 1970 4,277 3 View
Earth’s Climate Change [Solar activity] If planetary oscillations are currently assumed to modulate solar and earth’s climate variability, then, how long will it take to understand the...
01 January 1970 7,327 1 View
Machine Learning (ML) When data are brought together for a given model, whether, Machine Learning (ML) will be able to figure out the areas, where field measurements are required? Whether...
01 January 1970 880 1 View
Carbonate Reservoir Characterization: Part 09 1. Can we comfortably apply Archie’s second law for estimating water saturation in a carbonate reservoir as a function of water resistivity and...
01 January 1970 1,013 0 View
Total Energy-related Emissions by Oil & Gas Operations 1. How long will it take to bring down the Total Emissions to 1 Gt CO2-eq emission by Oil; and 1 Gt CO2-eq emission by Natural Gas...
01 January 1970 1,665 0 View
Carbonate Reservoir Characterization: Part 13 1. How exactly to take into account the inertial effects associated with the high-permeable carbonate reservoirs? Whether, the bottom-hole...
01 January 1970 8,223 0 View
Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) 1. Despite India promoting renewable and alternative energy sources, how long will it take for India to still depend on fossil fuels in order to meet the...
01 January 1970 8,357 1 View
Gas Hydrates and Global Warming Is it NOT the fact that the Methane Hydrates still hold a HUGE quantum of CARBON whose release would be IRREVERSIBLE, albeit the positive forecast by the...
01 January 1970 5,042 6 View
CO2 Sequestration [Channeling; capillary fingering; viscous fingering; stable displacement; capillary desaturation curve; pore-scale modeling] 1. Under what circumstances, channeling is...
01 January 1970 3,474 0 View
Carbon Capture Policy 1. If carbon taxes remain applied in the upstream fossil fuel supply chain in proportion to the carbon content of fuels, then, the production of oil associated with...
01 January 1970 1,839 1 View
Whether the statement: “Burning methane gas produced from methane hydrate releases up to 5 times less carbon dioxide compared to burning coal” Would it lead to the reduction in the number of new...
01 January 1970 5,003 1 View
CO2 Structural Trapping: Maximum Storage Capacity Upon injecting CO2 into a multi-layer heterogeneous reservoir, having a layer thickness of 50 m (spill height being the same); with a...
01 January 1970 1,300 0 View
CO2 Sequestration 1. Whether ‘induced seismicity’ (albeit, mostly, micro-seismic events with magnitude lesser than 3; its cumulative effect over a long period – upon reaching, yield...
01 January 1970 7,623 0 View
Earth’s Carbon cycle and Temperature Slow Carbon Cycle: Carbon takes around 100 – 200 million years to move through rocks, soil, ocean and atmosphere. 10 - 100 million metric tons of...
01 January 1970 6,119 1 View
CO2 Sequestration in Basaltic Formations: Indian Scenario 1. Despite Basaltic rocks (mafic) having a relatively higher content of divalent ions (Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+), whether, the Indian Basaltic...
01 January 1970 6,131 0 View
Carbonate Reservoir Characterization: Part 12 1. To what extent, the concept of type curves introduced by Ramey (1970), which refers to a log-log graph of a specific solution to the flow...
01 January 1970 7,804 0 View
Airborne Electromagnetic (AEM) Surveys: Is it feasible to process the electromagnetic data from a hard rock terrain in order to assess the electrical resistivity? Will the (evolving) fracture...
01 January 1970 7,797 0 View
Hydrogen Production The considerable use of small band gap semi-conducting materials would cause serious life cycle environmental impacts. If so, then, do we have an improved or advanced...
01 January 1970 125 1 View
Conservation Law? Or Mass Conservation Equation? 1. In a petroleum reservoir, whether the change of the mass in the reservoir domain can only be caused by the mass flux through the boundaries and...
01 January 1970 3,547 0 View
Carbonate Reservoir Characterization: Part 02 1. How exactly, will we be able to up-scale the properties associated with microscopic heterogeneities (facies characteristics, diagenetic...
01 January 1970 7,772 0 View
Earth’s ‘Big Five’ Mass Extinctions Global Warming: Is it something NEW to our planet? Extinctions are a normal part of evolution: they occur naturally and periodically over time. Evolution...
01 January 1970 9,035 2 View
Hydraulic Gradient in Confined/Unconfined Aquifers The concept of coefficient of permeability or hydraulic conductivity (K) – introduced by Hendry Darcy (1856) – relates the capacity of a...
01 January 1970 7,159 0 View
It is known that coal rank is proportional to depth and time; and it is very sensitive to the variations in pressure and temperature of the concerned CBM Reservoir. In this context, whether a...
01 January 1970 1,982 0 View
Abiogenic Origin of Hydrocarbons 1. If a part of hydrocarbon compounds could get generated in the asthenosphere of the earth (80 – 200 km below the surface) and migrate through the deep faults...
01 January 1970 7,439 1 View
Darcy’s Law When we apply the two-phase form of Darcy’s law by correlating the superficial velocity vector of phase ‘i’ relative to the fixed pores (where, relative permeability of phase ‘i’ and...
01 January 1970 2,614 0 View
Climate Change: Milankovitch Theory 1. Milankovitch theory project that earth’s climate could vary significantly resulting from extraneous factors that have absolutely nothing to do with human...
01 January 1970 2,101 0 View
PETROLEUM EXPLORATION 1. Developing a deep understanding on ‘geological potential of an area’: Is it the focus of ‘geologists’ and ‘geophysicists’; and not ‘reservoir engineer’? If not,...
01 January 1970 812 0 View
Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) Projects 1. In the absence of large assets (in terms of field size), whether, EOR projects won’t remain to be successful and profitable in the long run regardless of...
01 January 1970 6,762 0 View
Carbonate Reservoir Characterization: Part 05 1. Whether, permeability zonation; and, baffles within and between genetic units really have a significant impact on vertical sweep...
01 January 1970 9,313 0 View
LAW OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY What happens to the energy after (human’s) last breathe? 1. Whether the total energy of our isolated system STILL remains a constant? 2. Is it feasible to CONSERVE...
01 January 1970 8,149 3 View
Immiscible Two-Phase Fluid Flow 1. Feasible to capture both fingering (where, the displacement front exhibits a branching and relatively dispersed morphology) and ‘stable displacement’ (observed,...
01 January 1970 879 0 View
Reservoir Engineering: Applicability of Darcy’s Law What should be the threshold or critical or minimum (average) pore-size of a petroleum reservoir, up to which, Darcy’s law could be applied...
01 January 1970 7,722 0 View
RESERVOIR GEOMECHANICS (COMPACTION) 1. Feasible to estimate ‘elastic skeletal specific storage’ (elastic deformations remain completely recoverable when the reservoir pressure returns to...
01 January 1970 6,201 0 View
Reservoir-pressure, Volume of Dissolved Gas & Surface Tension: While the gas that has been dissolved in the oil (in a saturated reservoir) would cause a significant reduction in viscosity,...
01 January 1970 3,737 1 View
Carbonate Reservoir Characterization: Part 06 1. Whether naturally fractured carbonate reservoirs remain to be poor candidates for miscible CO2-flooding? How about the advantages...
01 January 1970 9,351 0 View
How to distinguish the reduction in heart rate resulting from exercising Yoga and that results from the reduced levels of T3 & T4?
01 January 1970 4,922 0 View
Role of Fluid Dynamics in Petroleum Engineering 1. How did petroleum industry manage to wait up to 1982 in order to study the action of water, oil and gas using the concept of ‘fluid...
01 January 1970 8,718 1 View
01 January 1970 8,883 0 View
Hydrogen-Powered Vehicles 1. Since, hydrogen fuel could be used to power fuel-cell vehicle or an IC engine vehicle, in the absence of producing carbon emissions, upon driving the car, whether,...
01 January 1970 6,054 0 View
Control over CO2 Trapping Mechanism 1. If rock minerals gets dissolved, then, to what extent, formation permeability would get reduced? And, what would be its associated time-scale? 2....
Thermodynamics of a Petroleum Reservoir System 1. Feasible to apply the classical thermodynamics principle to a complete ‘petroleum reservoir system’ (physical entity) that is composed of two...
01 January 1970 6,235 1 View
Demulsification of Crude Oil 1. Feasible to capture the rate @ which both elasticity and interfacial viscosity changes as demulsifiers gradually start replacing emulsifiers within oil-water...
01 January 1970 5,785 0 View
Reservoir Engineering / Groundwater Hydrology Permeability: Can directly be correlated with Porosity? Having known that ‘Porosity’ remains just as a ratio and does not depend the pore-size...
01 January 1970 2,109 4 View
Carbonate Reservoir Characterization: Part 15 1. Does permeability in a carbonate reservoir depend only on porosity and pore-size? 2. Does fluid saturation in a carbonate reservoir...
01 January 1970 3,530 0 View
Characterization of gas production from a shale-gas reservoir: 1. Having known the fact that the proppants retained in the open natural fractures in the stimulated reservoir volume try to relieve...
01 January 1970 6,324 0 View
Characterization of Primary and Secondary Recovery Processes in an Oil Reservoir: Theoretical Assumptions and Experimental Limitations Part 13 1. Although, water has a relatively low...
01 January 1970 1,589 0 View
Carbonate Reservoir Characterization: Part 07 1. To what extent, a reservoir engineer will be able to evaluate (a) fluid properties; (b) fractional flow characteristics of rock; (c)...
01 January 1970 8,812 1 View
Multi-Phase Fluid Flow 1. If varieties of macro-flow characteristics can be formed in the process of two-phase displacement, resulting from the interface instability of displacement front,...
01 January 1970 2,939 2 View
Global Hydrogen Production Despite hydrogen having an elevated gravimetric energy density (140 MJ/kg), how long will it take for Electrolysis to compete with natural-gas, oil and coal; given...
01 January 1970 9,707 0 View
Buckingham (1907) introduced for the first time in the subsurface history, the concept of "capillary potential" (when Tensiometer was not yet invented) and he proposed an equation similar in form...
01 January 1970 7,388 1 View
Capillary Retention: Since the ‘capillary pull of the sand’ will remain different along the flow direction towards the production well, the ‘zone of capillary retention’ also will be varying...
01 January 1970 7,406 0 View
Reservoir Simulation 1. With recent advances in reservoir simulation by means of coupled geo-mechanical (stress-strain) model, fluid flow model and chemical (solute) transport model under...
01 January 1970 6,259 0 View
CO2 Sequestration Feasible to achieve CO2 storage capacity of 100 Gt, with just 10% average formation porosity; 10 m aquifer thickness; & with 10 MPa hydrostatic pressure in sedimentary...
01 January 1970 1,491 0 View
Carbonate Reservoir Characterization: Part 10 1. Whether the potential energy sources that remain available in a carbonate reservoir, in order to mobilize oil and gas to the wellbore...
01 January 1970 1,726 0 View
Mean Value of Reservoir Permeability: How exactly to deduce the average-permeability of a petroleum reservoir with (a) layered heterogeneity (a vertical cross section having multiple individual...
01 January 1970 5,016 1 View
Global Energy Transition & Developing Countries All the countries (across the globe) currently have a uniform energy architecture? If not, how exactly to compare and assess the past and...
01 January 1970 4,794 1 View
1. What exactly is a Fatty Liver? With the prevalence of MASLD increasing from 22% in 1991 to 40% in 2023, If the term NAFLD (Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease) has to be effectively retired for...
01 January 1970 7,926 0 View
Carbonate Reservoir Characterization: Part 11 1. Whether the combination of low viscosity and high API gravity values – would really emphasize the down-structure oil migration in a carbonate...
01 January 1970 9,566 0 View
Can we comfortably deduce “interpreted transmissibility” (that is associated with a reservoir physical space) – from field data? With ‘reservoir permeability’ acting as a log-normally distributed...
01 January 1970 3,540 0 View
How quickly oil wells reach their ‘maximum daily output’ following their completion - associated with a carbonate reservoir? How different - the rapidity of decline - will be in a carbonate...
01 January 1970 6,015 2 View
In case of near-miscible flooding, when the reservoir pressure is relatively lower, Is it practically feasible to “simultaneously” secure the data on (a) the reduction in hydrocarbon...
01 January 1970 7,929 0 View
Reservoir Wettability 1. Since, drainage (invasion of the non-wetting fluid) being a relatively simpler physical process, which can be captured with ease @ laboratory-scale using experiments, how...
01 January 1970 8,471 0 View
Hydrogen Fuel Cells 1. Whether ALL the production methods, associated with hydrogen fuel cells, focus ‘only’ on developing renewable energy sources (solar/wind) for hydrogen production; and no...
01 January 1970 5,305 0 View
Thermal EOR 1. Feasible to capture ‘severe gas channeling’ in addition to thermal energy loss that restrict the sustainable and stable development of heavy oil (where, the high content in resin...
01 January 1970 3,257 1 View
Carbonate Reservoir Characterization: Part 17 1. To what extent, in a carbonate reservoir, the concept of variography (which uses variograms to statistically characterize spatial...
01 January 1970 140 0 View
What exactly caused the Tsunami that has hit the west coast of Java (Sunda Strait between Java and Sumatra - Roughly 200 km from Jakarta) on 22nd Dec 2018 @ 9.30 PM (Local Time) - affecting an...
01 January 1970 7,824 3 View
Natural Water Drive ‘Natural water drive’ being one of the most effective driving mechanisms for the production of oil and gas, are we really able to achieve the maximum use of natural water...
01 January 1970 3,618 0 View
Whether the concept of pressure gradient in a petroleum reservoir is considered as the cause of the flow of water/oil/gas in the rock formation? Or Is it considered as a measure of the...
01 January 1970 5,424 0 View
CO2 Sequestration [Convective mixing; convective fingering; CO2 dissolution, CO2 diffusion coefficient] 1. Following CO2 injection into deep saline aquifers, the injected CO2 streams tend...
01 January 1970 6,529 0 View
North-East Monsoon and its associated CYCLONES In Peninsular INDIA: Why is it too complex to forecast? Is it because of the weak Coriolis force along the tropical zone in comparison with that...
01 January 1970 5,449 3 View
Mobility of Pore Fluids with Reservoir Deformation: Does the restructuring of complex reservoir pore-geometry take place during/following the transportation of water, oil & gas towards the...
01 January 1970 4,876 1 View
Multi-Phase Fluid Flow through Petroleum Reservoirs 1. When exactly the network of solid-grains associated with a petroleum reservoir needs to be treated as a stress-dependent solid, where a...
01 January 1970 109 0 View
Characterization of Primary and Secondary Recovery Processes in an Oil Reservoir: Theoretical Assumptions and Experimental Limitations Part 16 1. If a reservoir remains to be highly...
01 January 1970 735 0 View
To what extent, are we compromising Darcy’s law, when we characterize the oil/gas flow within a petroleum reservoir? Does the fundamental physics associated with the Darcy’s law not change...
01 January 1970 1,754 2 View
Characterization of Primary and Secondary Recovery Processes in an Oil Reservoir: Theoretical Assumptions and Experimental Limitations Part 10 1. While measuring the steady-state oil and...
01 January 1970 5,136 0 View
Ocean Engineering: Requires knowledge on quantum-physics and thermodynamics on top of wave-hydrodynamics in order to capture quantum Hall effect? Whether Equator remains to be Earth’s edge...
01 January 1970 7,828 1 View
Estimating Reservoir Porosity: Given the fact that the spatial (and temporal) distribution of grain-size vary so heterogeneously in a given reservoir along with the introduction of pockets of...
01 January 1970 7,187 0 View
A changing climate leads to changes in the frequency, intensity, spatial extent, duration and timing of extreme weather and climate events, and can result in unprecedented extreme weather and...
01 January 1970 9,181 4 View
Future of Oil & Gas Industry: Are we equipped to change our daily routine? Knowing the fact that the world will not run out of oil (at least for the next few decades) along with the new...
01 January 1970 637 5 View
Carbonate Reservoir Characterization: Part 14 1. How exactly to have a control over gravity drainage displacement in low permeable rock-matrix, where, the oil will move downward by gravity...
01 January 1970 1,348 0 View
Offshore Oil & Gas Working Environment 1. Are the field engineers still happy with provided accommodation & food in the absence of leading to reduced quality of sleep and its associated...
01 January 1970 2,264 0 View
Restructuring of complex pore-network and the evolution of reservoir porosity as a function of space and time (to be used in mass conservation equation): Requires the history of reservoir...
01 January 1970 8,487 1 View
Carbonate Reservoir Characterization: Part 01 1. It is known that carbonate sediments have a wide range of particle size and sorting resulting from complex organic processes which gets...
01 January 1970 9,190 0 View
In a Hydrocarbon Reservoir, Why do we ignore "Volume Expansivity" while considering only the "Isothermal Compressibility" for a given change in fluid volume? OR in other words, Why does the...
01 January 1970 3,593 2 View
Reservoir Engineering: Coal Seam 1. Since, gas is primarily stored by adsorption into the coal as a function of pressure @ which the gas gets adsorbed, can we replicate the scenario, whereby...
01 January 1970 4,566 1 View
01 January 1970 558 1 View
Coupling between Porosity and Pore-Pressure in a Gas Reservoir Feasible to capture the concept that the porosity may not change – for the changes in effective normal stress – at constant sliding...
01 January 1970 9,390 1 View
Petroleum Digest 1. While there are reports highlighting that oil was discovered in China in 600 BC itself - with the first known oil wells in China were created by combining iron drill bits...
01 January 1970 5,391 0 View
DRILLING TECHNOLOGY 1. As against shallow drilling (less than 50 to 100 m); and intermediate drilling (100 m - 1200 m); in a deep exploratory drilling (exceeding 1200 m), would it remain feasible...
01 January 1970 9,288 0 View
Characterization of Primary and Secondary Recovery Processes in an Oil Reservoir: Theoretical Assumptions and Experimental Limitations Part 17 1. To what extent, the performance of water...
01 January 1970 2,416 0 View
Petroleum Reservoir Projects 1. Whether the identification of ‘a suitable project idea’ is regarded as a critical step in a petroleum reservoir project preparation? Does it require an...
01 January 1970 8,410 0 View
Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation 1. When does Tricuspid Valve (the largest and the most apically positioned of the four valves in the heart) start regurtitating? What is the expected changes in its...
01 January 1970 2,490 1 View
Carbonate Reservoir Characterization: Part 08 1. To what extent, petro-physicists will be able to assess (a) log-core relationships; (b) the feasibility of over or under pressures; and...
01 January 1970 4,405 0 View
El Nino and La Nina: Why is it restricted to Pacific Ocean and WHY NOT in Indian Ocean? Similar to El Nino and La Nina – describing the largest fluctuation in the Earth’s climate system – and...
01 January 1970 4,622 8 View
In the context of Groundwater Contaminant Transport Modeling, how about the importance of heterogeneity at a scale lesser than REV, particularly, when the nature and intensity of such...
01 January 1970 6,117 0 View
Energy Transition 1. While geopolitical factors and macroeconomic variables may not be having significant impacts, at the moment, how about the sensitivity on the emergence of new...
01 January 1970 7,825 0 View
Reservoir Geophysics: CO2 Sequestration 1. Would it remain feasible to capture the variations and discontinuities in the elastic properties of a deep saline aquifer – following CO2...
01 January 1970 8,362 0 View
Darcy’s-Law; Macroscopic-scale; Experimental parameters measured at a scale that is lesser than macroscopic-scale: When we characterize a petroleum reservoir with the Darcian approach, it...
01 January 1970 1,027 1 View
Is there a relatively simple mechanism to find out - the submerged or sunken oils (such as diluted bitumen or heavy bunker oils) - resulting from oil spill disaster - where, the detection by...
01 January 1970 8,777 0 View
Reservoir Wettability Given the fact that the wettability associated with the small pores do not get altered – irrespective of whether the reservoir is oil-wet or water-wet; and the smaller pores...
01 January 1970 4,438 0 View
The Unit of ‘Permeability’: Intrinsic permeability of a porous medium can be defined to have a unit of length squared, if it transmits in unit time, a unit volume of fluid of unit kinematic...
01 January 1970 7,694 0 View
Climate Change [GHGs; CO2 Concentration] 1. Are glacial cycles are ultimately paced by astronomical forcing? 2. Role of CO2 in glacial cycles: Were the concentrations of GHGs were both...
01 January 1970 1,056 1 View
Reservoir Engineering Porosity Vs Permeability Porosity Characterizes the storage capacity. Does not depend on pore size. Does depend on pore-size distribution. A scalar...
01 January 1970 5,132 0 View
CO2 Sequestration [Poro-elasticity; Thermo-elasticity] Whether oil or gas reservoirs have the ability to resist and recover from deformations produced by forces (elasticity), where, there...
01 January 1970 9,693 1 View
Gum Drop Technique (GDT) [Gingival recession; PRP; L-PRF; A-PRF; i-PRF; Fibrin clot] 1. If PRP could promote simultaneous tissue regeneration as well as alveolar bone repair – towards...
01 January 1970 8,717 0 View
Energy Scenario 2023 1. Demand for gas remaining relatively flat: Why did it not exponentially rise, or, at least linearly rise? 2. In 2022 the combined consumption of oil and biofuel products...
01 January 1970 4,948 1 View
CO2 Sequestration [CO2 Transport] 1. With transport of CO2 in brine solution under fully saturated conditions; (A) Can we characterize the diffusion of the dissolved CO2 species by the...
01 January 1970 2,490 0 View
Reservoir Engineering The definition of an ideal porous medium as the carrier of the pore-fluids pertains to an unconsolidated sand; and it essentially represents a medium, which consists of an...
01 January 1970 815 0 View
CO2 Sequestration Original Darcy’s Law in Algebraic Form: Darcy found that the volumetric fluid flow rate through the saturated soil column was directly proportional to the drop in hydraulic...
01 January 1970 1,189 2 View
CO2 Sequestration [Thermodynamics; Super-Critical CO2; Critical Temperature; Critical Pressure] 1. When will the injected super-critical CO2 tend to approach its critical temperature (where,...
01 January 1970 3,873 1 View
Reservoir Fluid Dynamics – CO2 Sequestration 1. Can we characterize a deep saline aquifer to have separate streamlines, corresponding to the path of brine-particles and CO2-particles as it moves...
01 January 1970 6,088 0 View
CO2 Sequestration [Reservoir Thermodynamics] 1. With CO2 being highly compressible, how could we have a control over its thermodynamic properties (molar-volume, density, viscosity, specific heat,...
01 January 1970 5,104 0 View
CO2 Sequestration If the reservoir heterogeneity results from a geological unit having multiple layers of geological stratification (within the given depth of the reservoir) leading to a huge...
01 January 1970 8,640 1 View
Underground Hydrogen Storage (UHS) in Aquifers 1. Since, hydrogen no more directly exists as a gas, how easy would it remain to separate hydrogen, either from water, or, from fossil fuels,...
01 January 1970 6,619 1 View
Top- & Bottom-Water troubles in an oil field: How easy will it be – for a casing to be cemented - before drilling into an oil sand, where there is a necessity that the ‘water from above’...
01 January 1970 7,213 0 View
CO2 sequestration [Reservoir Hydrodynamics 01] With CO2 and brine being mobile, and in the presence of a complex coupled forces between viscous, gravity and capillarity, whether, the resulting...
01 January 1970 348 1 View
CO2 Sequestration [CO2 Emission & Absorption] Feasible to precisely estimate the annual production of CO2 from human activity? What happens when it exceeds 10^14 kg? How far the global...
01 January 1970 2,780 1 View
CO2 Sequestration [Mineral Trapping] How do we ensure, whether, the resident brine remains, either, chemically under-saturated or super-saturated with reference to its equilibrium condition –...
01 January 1970 5,988 0 View
CO2 Sequestration [Multi-Phase Fluid Flow] How easy would it remain to characterize multi-phase fluid flow through deep saline aquifers, or depleted oil/gas reservoirs, if the fundamental...
01 January 1970 2,230 0 View
Reservoir Engineering Deviations from Original Darcy’s Law 1. What was the need for Muskat to replace original hydraulic gradient by pressure gradient? 2. What was the need for Wyckoff to...
01 January 1970 9,170 1 View
CO2 Sequestration [Reservoir Hydrodynamics 03] 1. Since, potential difference could produce motive force and could overcome the resistance, causing CO2 to migrate (despite, both energy and...
01 January 1970 3,274 0 View
CO2 Sequestration [Reservoir Hydrodynamics 02] 1. Whether CO2 trapping follows a simple logic that CO2 and brine always migrate from an area with high potential energy to an area with low...
01 January 1970 2,845 0 View
Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) 1. Carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS): Where do we stand as on date? (A) Whether the separation technology of CO2 from industrial and energy related...
01 January 1970 6,399 0 View
In the context Chemical EOR, Is it feasible to explicitly delineate the contributions - in the variation of IFT - resulting from changes in temperature and that from changes in surfactant...
01 January 1970 8,210 0 View
CO2 Sequestration [Capillary Trapping] 1. Feasible to capture the primary capillary trapping mechanisms (a) Bypass trapping (which happens, when the moving menisci of the bulk fluid traverse...
01 January 1970 328 0 View
CO2 Sequestration [Isoplanes; normal gradients/vectors] How exactly to deduce a system of isoplanes; and normal gradients, vectors and traces of the planes, in the three-dimensional space, in a...
01 January 1970 903 1 View
CO2 Sequestration [Reservoir Geo-mechanics] How easy would it remain to deduce the knowledge on the in-situ state of stresses, that remains close to limit equilibrium (associated with the CO2...
01 January 1970 7,629 0 View
CO2 Sequestration [Reservoir Geo-mechanics] 1. Since, CO2 requires to be injected continuously for few years through the injection well, how about the occurrence of wellbore failure resulting...
01 January 1970 9,941 0 View
CO2 Sequestration [Reservoir Geo-mechanics: Normal fault; Strike-Slip Fault; Reverse Fault] 1. How easy would it remain to delineate the magnitudes of horizontal principal stress - with...
01 January 1970 6,411 0 View
