Earth’s Climate Change
[CCS; BECCS; Afforestation]
BECCS (Bio Energy Carbon Capture and Storage) demanding
nearly 1 billion hectare of land
(more than two thirds of all the land currently under cultivation);
and
CCS (Carbon Capture and Storage)
being very expensive
as building the infrastructure to pipe captured carbon, and
developing suitable geological storage sites
requiring enormous amount of investment;
and
Afforestation by humans
(with the chopping of nearly 3 trillion trees),
since the commencement of farming,
some 13,000 years ago;
Do we really have a practical solution
for the problem (supposedly) posed by humans?
(a) Resulting from humanity influencing CO2-Concentration in the atmosphere for the last 13,000 years;
OR
(b) Resulting from humanity influencing CO2-concentartion in the atmosphere for the last 150 years (following the industrial revolution, supposedly resulting from CO2 emissions from oil and gas industries)?
Dear Suresh Kumar Govindarajan ,
There are many practical solutions such installing solar PV panels to replace fossil fuel based electrical power as we did almost 18 years ago. However we achieve the largest CO2 reduction from fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas) by replacing these fuels by natural hydrogen H2-C-H2 aka biomethane. We do this worldwide (incl. in India) at large scale since 1980. More at https://modelengineering.eu/circulate
In October 2023 the average level of CO2 in Earth's atmosphere, adjusted for seasonal variation, was 422.17 parts per million by volume (ppm). During all of the cycles between ice ages and warm periods over the past million years, atmospheric carbon dioxide never climbed higher than 300 parts per million. At the end of the last ice age around 20,000 years ago, it was 280 ppm. Today it is close to 420 ppm.Planting forests and managing existing forests can help take carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere.Carbon removal strategies include familiar approaches like growing trees as well as more novel technologies like direct air capture, which scrubs CO2 from the air and sequesters it underground.BECCS is an indirect way of capturing CO2 from the atmosphere. Thus, BECCS applies exactly the same technology as CCS with the only difference that CCS is applied to industries or power plants using biogenic feedstock/fuels. the carbon emitted in BECCS is captured and sequestered, or stored, underground in mountains, valleys, and other geological formations, for later usage. The Global CCS Institute is now tracking 41 projects in operation and 351 in development globally, with new projects being announced weekly.Once these trillion trees are fully grown, these new forests could capture between 488 and 1012 billion tons of CO2. That's about ¼ to ⅓ of all human CO2 emissions so far (2.2 trillion tons).
one commercial use would be to use it in concrete as it increases its compressive strength.
Here is a paper on the subject:
Preprint Carbon Dioxide Sequestration in Concrete and its Effects on ...