How does the process of large scale hydraulic fracturing (in a naturally fractured reservoir) for a granite (for Enhancing Geothermal Energy-system) differ from that for a limestone (for Enhanced Oil Recovery)?
Hydraulic fracture intend to create fracture by tensile failure (pressure is higher than the minimum principal stress) and fill proppants inside the created fracture so it does not close during production. EGS creates fracture mostly by shear failure (Mohr-Coulomb), pressure does not need to be above the minimum principal stress. EOR does not create fracture, it just displace in-situ fluid with injection fluid and EOR hates fracture of any kind.
Limestones, due to their chemical nature, have much higher cohesion and tend to fail preliminary in Mode I (tensile). The majority of preexisted natural fractures are filled by calcite cement and are challenging to reactivate both in shear and in tensile.
If horizontal stress anisotropy (SHmax-Shmin) is high enough, multistage hydraulic fracturing of horizontal wells will lead to a family of planar tensile fractures partially filled by proppant. This system of high fractures surface area will create a strong anisotropy of conductivity in the direction of current SHmax. Meanwhile, EGS fracture system conductivity will be more isotropic.
The ultimate objective of unconventional oil, gas or HDR reservoir stimulation by fracturing is to enhance the permeability. The primary process of hydraulic fracture treatment in oil, gas or HDR reservoirs is to create a network of interconnected fractures involving as much volume of rock as possible for maximum oil, gas or heat recovery.
I think there is no essential difference between the two in this respect——forming a complex fracture network.
Due to the differences in rock properties and natural fracture properties, the differences between the two are mainly reflected in the fracturing parameters and production methods.