The process is indeed challenging, but energy-efficient initiatives and conservation programs are concurrently in progress. With research making the impossible achievable, let us have faith that success is on the horizon.

If Europe continues on its insane path towards "Net zero" it will be economically destroyed. Will this foolishness benefit developing countries ,,,,, certainly not, as investment will reduce. Nor will it reduce the demand for fossil fuels that is population related more than economic; I certainly preferred reliable low-cost power to what is promised by net zero!

The feasibility might not be there before 2030 but the positivity is obvious. The trend in biofuel production, demand and research is looking promising, though there are a lot of challenges to be addressed.

Another good news is the production of electric vehicles which has been gaining momentum worldwide, with many countries investing heavily. This will reduce the demand for fossil fuel which will pave way for bioenergy due to the fight on Greenhouse gas emission.

There is almost a breakthrough in nuclear fusion. In 2025, scientists are planning to fire up the first fusion reactor with the hope that it will produce more energy than it takes to run. If this becomes possible, then all hope is not lost.

Putting all these efforts together proves success is closer than we think.

The full transition to renewable energy should not be the ONLY concern of today‘s global economies! In my opinion, a transition plan aiming at 2030, 2050 or even later may still not be feasible at the alarming rate of energy consumption (especially power) We’ve been experiencing the last decades, and when most indicators point to an acceleration! A energy mix may (or dare I say will) be with us for several more decades. The key is to reverse the trends, e.g. from accelerating consumption to reduction, coupled with more emphasis on environmental policies and practices that are truly fair to both people (the consumers and producers) and nature… I hope this helps.

I thought about adding some comments on the transition and the energy mix; comments I had shared on LinkedIn:

In my opinion, I see the need for investing in renewables to supplement oil and gas, in other resources (e.g. nuclear), with a clear preference towards carbon emissions reductions. No doubt a major challenge for providing of energy in the future - the not so far off future! I agree we need large-systems design and mega projects execution, and while we think/execute big, we should always keep sight of local, regional, and global

optimizations of such a system. It is evident, from all the points and the comments, as well as other sources, Energy Security remains a global challenge with seemingly a simple solution - the energy mix - but with clearly great challenges facing transition to a balanced mix amid global economic and geopolitical complexities!

We all agree that a balanced energy mix is desperately needed to transition the world into a more economically sustainable and socially equitable energy future. For that, it is imperative for "all" to collaborate and align plans, this includes (not limited to): R&D/Technology, Business Leaders/Investors, and Governments/Policy Makers. Hence, I agree fully with you regarding the challenges facing the world to arrive to an energy mix dominated by renewables, where investments are undoubtedly essential to moving

forward in R&D and in socioeconomic change, supported by amicable energy policies.

As a physicist with specialty in atomic/fusion energy, it has been my belief, and shall remain until science proves otherwise, that a mix has been and will be how our development (as humans) will be energized, and each viable resource (scientifically and economically) shall have its challenges and benefits, assuming we all care (and we must) about sustainability of our world!

In all, It is critical to educate the general public about the Future Energy Mix and the implications of transitioning from the Current Mix (because it is a mix) for each of the resources that are regarded as viable; meaning economically feasible & profitable, socially acceptable given the push for more environmentally friendly & sustainable resources, and do indeed address the looming energy crisis - i.e. addressing energy poverty and meeting increasing demands. As for the energy storage issue specifically, it

does present a challenge we were all aware of, namely securing a massive supply of critical materials (e.g. for advanced battery manufacturing). In all, the energy mix will continue to evolve as we learn more how to transition and as learn how to curb our energy appetite.