Energy Transition

1. Have we realized the need to take a systematic approach to energy policy considering the unique characteristics of each country; and the way, the electrification, digitalization and decentralization be expanded over each country – in the absence of going away from traditional approaches to energy security - abruptly?

With nearly 2000 GW of renewable power capacity in Asian region alone, in 2023, whether human-security will also be given due consideration (that happens @ the very local-scale), on top of energy-security @ global-scale? 2. Whether the pattern of technology dependency in a given country (say, India) is expected to remain to be significantly different from what it has been in the fossil fuel-dependent scenario?

3. How about harnessing energy from renewable resources, particularly, in developing countries, which, not only have a lack of access to advanced technology but also have the inability to go ahead with a huge capital investment?

4. With electricity becoming the primary energy carrier, with its share exceeding 50% in the next two decades, whether renewable energy based green-hydrogen has really lend itself to high rates of electrification and efficiency?

5. Expecting fossil fuel fraction to fall below 15% and hydrogen fraction to exceed 15% - by 2050 – towards the total final energy consumption by energy carrier?

6. Feasible to reduce the total final energy consumption by energy carrier to 350 EJ by 2050, from its current value of 375 EJ?

7. Whether the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix is expected to increase to over 75% by 2050, from its current value of 15%?

8. Should we remain to be optimistic that the total primary energy supply would remain to be stable by assuming an increased energy efficiency and growth of renewables across all end-use sectors?

9. Feasible to achieve an additional 10+ terawatts of renewable power capacity – towards cutting CO2 emissions by more than 40% by 2030?

Are we struggling to reduce the reliance on fossil fuels?

(85+% of global population still live in countries {more than 100+ countries} that remain net importers of fossil fuels)

Feasible to produce hydrogen from local renewable sources?

Can hydrogen be traded in be quantities across borders?

10. How about the interruptions in electricity [in the context new trade flows], which remains to be instantaneous; and which would impact the nature of end-user’s energy security policy, with reference to the current use of fossil fuels?

11.                  With enhancement in electrification, how about the operation and safety of interconnectors and electrical grids, which will dictate the resulting energy-trade and energy-security across borders?

Suresh Kumar Govindarajan Professor (HAG)    IIT-Madras

https://home.iitm.ac.in/gskumar/

https://iitm.irins.org/profile/61643

19-July-2024