Toxic insults result in cell damage which can lead to apoptosis, necrosis or autophagy. DAMPs are released by damaged cells in a passive way. My question is related to the possibility that a DAMP is specific for a particular type of cell death. For example mtDNA is specific only for necrosis. Are there specific DAMPs released only during apoptosis or autophagy?
Hi Giulio,
DAMP could not be specific for cell death type. It is a general marker of cell death!
Regards,
Dmitri.
DAMPs are released from dying cells and activate innate immune responses leading to inflammation. It is generally accepted that cell death due to apoptosis does not result in inflammation (because cell components, including DAMPs, are cleared by phagocytic cells in normal individuals). Therefore, apoptotic cells normally do not release DAMPs. However, necrotic cells do. Further, cell death by pyroptosis also results in release of DAMPs (and inflammation).
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