I want to get some images of how nanoparticles work in bacteria cells. I used scanning electron microscopy. how to make samples, and how much use bacteria concentrations?
To prepare samples for SEM imaging of bacterial cells treated with nanoparticles, you can follow the below steps:
Cultivate bacteria: Cultivate the bacteria you want to study in a suitable nutrient media until you have a sufficient number of cells.
Treatment with nanoparticles: Treat the bacterial cells with the nanoparticles of interest. The concentration and exposure time of nanoparticles may vary depending on the type of nanoparticle and the bacteria.
Fixation: Fix the treated bacterial cells with a solution of glutaraldehyde (2.5% v/v) and paraformaldehyde (2% w/v) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for 2 hours at room temperature.
Dehydration: Dehydrate the fixed bacterial cells by sequential ethanol washes (30%, 50%, 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100% v/v) for 10 minutes each.
Critical Point Drying: Dry the dehydrated bacterial cells using a critical point dryer.
Mounting: Mount the dried bacterial cells on aluminum stubs using carbon tape.
Coating: Coat the mounted bacterial cells with a thin layer of gold or platinum using a sputter coater.
Imaging: Finally, image the prepared samples under SEM.
As for the bacteria concentration, it depends on the type of bacteria you are using, the nanoparticle concentration, and the experiment conditions. However, generally, a concentration of 10^8 to 10^9 bacteria per ml is often used for SEM imaging.
If you want to see whether nanoparticals penetrate into bacteria, you need TEM, not SEM. If you want to see changes in biofilm after treatment, use protocol from previous answer by Kaushik Shandilya