it depends on the cells you are using. If you are using breast cancer cells, you can measure CD44hi/CD24lo or ALDH. If colon cancer, you may use CD133. You can comapre their level between treated and untreated.
I agree you should know the proportion of stem cells before treatment for sure. If you have good marker to monitor stem cells in your system the percentage of positive cells for your markers or its level of expression should be a good parameter. If you don't have a good marker you probably should perform a sphere forming assay or a single cell clonogenic in stem cell media, in vitro (testing self-renewal) or test in vivo tumorigenicity at single cells/very low dose (tumor initiation capacity evaluation)...in my opinion of course!good luck!