Brain and body mass together are positively correlated with lifespan (Hofman 1993). The duration of neural development is one of the best predictors of brain size, and conception is the best zero-point to mark the start of development, namely, the point at which sperm and egg fuse forming a single-cell organism followed by exponential mitosis (Finlay 2019b). The formation of complex molecules in biology can occur spontaneously, thereby leading to the creation of sophisticated organisms (Liu et al. 2019). Following each documented extinction of species (and there have been at least five since ~ 400 million years ago) there is a rapid degradation of biology, especially of complex life that depends on a resilient food chain dependent on simpler organisms. Following the most recent extinction 65 million years ago (i.e., the Cretaceous-Paleogene Extinction, Alverez et al. 1979), the dinosaurs (which were large-bodied but small-brained) were obliterated making room for new mammalian species that evolved into animals having the following characteristics: an extended longevity to enable the formation of large bodies accompanied by large brains (e.g., the killer whale, the human, the elephant, the gorilla, and so on) during which time learning to adapt to environmental disruptions was paramount (Hebb 1949). Yet even with the newest complexity, there is no guarantee that if the current species go extinct that the replacement species will possess a comparable level of sophistication, since the evolution of complexity is based on a protracted fitness (Dawkins 1976). We may soon find out if our complexity is sufficient to right all the wrongs that we have inflicted on ourselves and others (Chomsky 2023; Ellsberg 2023; Hansen et al. 1981). Pessimistically, the entomologist Edward O. Wilson has predicted that once we reach a population of ten billion—we are now at eight—expect humankind to turn on itself much like an over-extended ant colony (Wilson 2012). Our children may get to test his prediction, if those at the helm continue to assume that humans operate outside of evolution.
As per as the evolutionary approach is concern the universe is itself developing through evolutionary approach consequently not only life but everything of universe follows the same approach. The disruption of one stage brings to other developed stage is the essential part of this approach. So, the disruption is not a curse but the development more complex, diversify and sophisticated.
Edward O. Wilson's prediction about humanity reaching a tipping point as the global population approaches ten billion Edward J Tehovnik is a thought-provoking reflection on human behavior and societal dynamics. His comparison to an over-extended ant colony suggests that we may face significant stress as resources become scarcer and competition for them intensifies.
Wilson's assertion that those in power often overlook the fundamental principles of evolution implies that human societies may be prone to conflict if they fail to adapt to changing circumstances. The mention of “turning on itself” hints at potential social unrest, political instability, or even environmental degradation as a result of overpopulation.
The challenge of managing our resources sustainably and promoting social cohesion will be crucial as we continue to grow. If humanity doesn't account for the evolutionary forces that shape our interactions and structures, we risk undermining our own future.
As our population grows, it becomes increasingly vital for leaders, policymakers, and citizens to embrace an understanding of these dynamics, prioritizing cooperation, conservation, and innovative thinking to ensure we avoid the pitfalls of overextension. Whether the children of today will witness such a scenario remains to be seen, but the need for proactive measures is clear.
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Evolutionary pressures Edward J Tehovnik may play a significant role. In environments where cognitive abilities provide substantial survival advantages—through better foraging, social interaction, or tool use—there may be a selection for species to evolve larger brains, which consequently requires longer lifespans for optimal brain maturation and function.
In summary, the correlation between brain and body mass and lifespan reflects a complex interplay of developmental dynamics, metabolic rates, ecological pressures, and evolutionary adaptations. Studying these relationships further can provide insights into the biological and evolutionary mechanisms shaping the life history strategies of various species.
Dear Dr. Ternyik,
Thank you for you thoughtful response. Ed Tehovnik.
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