I try to answer as my experiment : 1) virulence of DENV still low. 2) depend of DENV typing (as my experiment DENV type 2 and 3 has strongest and clearer plaques). 3) added with a nutrient medium containing a substance, usually agar ( I using Methyl cellulose), that causes the formation of a gel. When the plates are incubated, the original infected cells release viral progeny. The spread of the new viruses is restricted to neighboring cells by the gel. However, I using Vero cell for plaque assay..
thanks a lot! we use methly cellulose too. Some of the dengue viruses are actually isolated from patients and I suppose they are virulent? We get the same appearance with lab strains of the dengue virus and strains isolated from patients.
We have found that cell density, methylcellulose concentration, and FBS concentration during attachment will affect the plaque size and quality. I would suggest first looking at cell confluence.