I am collecting soil pollution indices, What can you recommend?
Thank you,
1. Dead or dying plants, vegetation, lichen indicators, animal mortality, sickness.
2. Soil exposure, surface erosion, rills, gullies, roots of plants exposed from erosion.
3. Smell of petroleum, paint, hazardous material products, sheen on puddles
4. No evidence of soil life forms, such as earthworms, insects, etc.
5. Signs of dumping of wastes, trash, drug lab wastes, etc.
6. High radiation levels
· Soil Pollution Load Index (PLI) = (CF1 * CF2 * CF3 * CF4 * ……..xCFn)1/n
For the entire sampling site, PLI is determined as the nth root of the product of the n CF. This empirical index provides a simple, comparative means for assessing the level of heavy metal pollution.
· Contamination Factor(CF) = C heavy metal / C background
Dividing concentration of each HM in soil by the baseline or background value (concentration in unpolluted soils)
The contamination levels may be classified based on their intensities on a scale ranging from 1 to 6 (0=none, 1=none to medium, 2=moderate, 3=moderately to strong, 4=strongly polluted, 5=strong to very strong, 6=very strong) . The highest number indicates that the metal concentration is 100 times greater than what would be expected in the crust.
Enrichment factor
EF = (Ci/Cp)/ (Bi/Bp),
in which: Ci is the concentration of an ith element in sample, Cp is the concentration of proxy element in the same sample, Bi and Bp are reference values of ith and proxy, element, respectively. Common proxy elements are Al, Fe, Ti, Sr, etc. EF
I have developed two indices that are not using shale or mean crust values. You may see the attached two papers.
karbassi
The single indices as indicators of soil pollution
c o m p r i s e n u m e r o u s i n d i c e s , s u c h a s
Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), Enrichment Factor
(EF), Pollution Index (PI), Threshold Pollution Index
(PIT), and Contamination Factor (CF). These
indices are calculated from the contents of each
individual metal in soils, and these indices can be
used for the classification of soils into several classes
according to the degree of pollution.
go througth below paper
Helena Doležalová Weissmannová & Jiří Pavlovský. Indices of soil contamination by heavy metals – methodology
of calculation for pollution assessment (minireview).Environ Monit Assess (2017) 189:616
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