I have seen viscosity values decrease beyond CMC value while measuring in Brookfield viscometer, may be due to over micelle formation. Need a qualitative answer
Below the cmc (I'm not sure what you mean by "beyond"), the viscosity should be close to that of the solvent (usually water). Above the cmc the viscosity can only increase, as far as I know. I am not sure that a Brookfield viscometer is sensitive enough for this job. It is challenging even with a true rheometer. What viscosity values are you measuring?
what is the surfactant you are speaking about? Are you sure that micelles are formed or maybe you are below the Krafft temperature? What are the differences you measure?
micelles do not settle, undissolved ionic surfactants may settle, however, surfactant concentration in equilibrium with undissolved phase will not change, i.e. viscosity should not change either. Maybe best check your results with a different method.
I suggest that you make some glycerol/water or sugar/water mixtures, whose viscosity is given to high precision in the "Handbook of Chemistry and Physics" and see whether you measure the correct values with your Brookfield viscometer. Once you are sure that you can measure low viscosities accurately, we can discuss whether sedimentation of micelles is a problem.
What is the reason behind viscosity decrease beyond CMC of a surfactant solution?
When surfactant is added in the solvent may be water then the cohesive forces (CF) responsible for higher surface tension and lower viscosity as the solvent is not entangled. Fundamentally the viscosity is caused by the frictional forces (FF) where fitting surfactant molecules redesign FF. So on increasing surfactant concentration the population of surfactants molecules is either aggregated but at CMC, emulsion could be ordered with higher FF. But beyond CMC, disordered surfactant molecules could be haphazard on making nano scale coalescence suitable for quick flow with less FF. However, in general, in case of emulsions the surface tension decrease and viscosity increase even beyond CMC. However, product of FF and CF is defined as friccohesity which clearly defines such trends. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535211000025
As several people said, a brookfield instrument is not appropriate to do such measurements. The only viable solutions around c* to perform such delicate measurements (viscosity~1-10 times that of water) are either a modern rheometer, or preferably, a Ubeholde viscometer.
Generally, viscosity is not sensitive for micelle formation. But sometimes, e.g. in case of formation of large micelles or micelle-polymer (polyelectrolite-like) complexes, it may be quite sensitive tool.
In some polymer-surfactant systems, the zero-zhear viscosity can go through a maximum, just beyond CMC, and then dip slightly (PEO-SDS is a swell-studied example). Although this is due to the polymer chain becoming saturated with surfactant, there are also instances where there is a transition in the type of micelle that the surfactant will form. This could cause a sort of transition in the observed viscosity, particularly if only measuring at one shear rate, as in with a Brookfield viscometer.
Survismeter measures viscosity, surface tension, interfacial tension, wetting coefficient most accurately. Please use survismeter for measuring such data of such solutions.
Brookfield viscometer can create a laminar or turbulent regime in the solution. If you measure the viscosity of surfactant solutions in the turbulent regime and when they have formed cylindrical micelles 50-60 times greater than СМС1, then the viscosity will decrease. This is a known phenomenon of viscosity decrease in the presence of high-molecular water-soluble substances, which is used by fish and tried to be used for boats to increase speed.