The peritoneal adhesions have been one of the major challenges for both the surgeons and the patients themselves. All treatment modalities ever suggested to solve the problem show low, if any, effectiveness. On the other hand, the serosal lining disappears on the posterior surfaces of the duodenum, pancreas, and the ascending and descending colon; the mesothelial 'processus vaginalis' in the spermatic cord vanishes as well during the embryonic development governing by some genes. So, one may expect that those very genes might become of use for the peritoneal adhesions to diminish or even to resolve completely.
Dear Andrey
some hints of mechanisms are stressed in the book available at the following link:
http://books.google.de/books?id=almLdk0jIq4C&pg=PA41&lpg=PA41&dq=apoptosis+of+peritoneal+mesothelial+cells+in+healthy+individuals&source=bl&ots=vNiSd2em0F&sig=sGb8FQUvdWdkYyFUQTVY5LgsxfA&hl=de&sa=X&ei=c9FlVNe_HMjxariygsgB&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAzgK#v=onepage&q=apoptosis%20of%20peritoneal%20mesothelial%20cells%20in%20healthy%20individuals&f=false
I attache also a paper from Alberto Ortiz from 2004, published in PDI explaining some mechanisms which may be involved in regular apoptoisis of the peritoneal mesothelial cells. Best regards, Michaela
Dear Michaela,
Thank you so much for both the hints and the links! I shall be reading them at once.
Sincerely,
Andrey
Well, I was seemingly wrong having this idea that the mesotheliocytes' hyperproliferation might lead to the adhesions and peritoneal fibrosis development. Quite the contrary, the fibroblasts become activated and proliferate excessively after the disappearance of the mesothelial lining as the consequence of the deliterious necrosis and apoptosis of the cells have already occured and if the lining failed to restore in due time.
So, the idea has turned full circle and came again to that that has been known for long.
However, there have been some evidence that the mesotheliocytes, being the cells of the mesenchymal origin, and able themselves to differentiate into various mesenchymal cells including the fibroblasts, myocytes, etc., under conditions those are not understood completely [Rinkevich Y, et al. Identification and prospective isolation of a mesothelial precursor lineage giving rise to smooth muscle cells & fibroblasts for mammalian internal organs, and their vasculature. Nat Cell Biol. 2012 December ; 14(12): 1251–1260].
Dear Andrey
by scrolling in my files I found a very interesting paper which may interest you. It deals with the presence of DNA fragments (acellular) as an indicator of peritoneal cells death. Best regards, Michaela
Dear Andrey, to my knowlege the mesothelial cells is the histologic term for the layers of peritoneal cells divided into superficial or parietal (wall of abdominal cavity) and deep or visceral (wall of alimentary canal, capsulas,of the liver, spleen, mesocolon, pleats, ligaments and the omentum. These same divisions are continued microscopicaly into colagenous & elastic Mesotheleum - fibroblast, macrofagos while sub peritoneal is lipoblast of which the conective tisues at superficial layer are blood & Lynphatic, capilary & linphatic vessels, while deep layer are arterioles, venules & lymphatic collectors all interlinked in anastomosis of arterioles-arterila, terminal circuit and the venules and so on, with lymphatics of varied diameters of 20 and 80 microns while arterioles-venule varies diameter of about 300microns according to circumstance of age, and various basic pathology leading to relative apoptosis.
Dear Rasheed,
I meant not 'the mesothelium as a whole', but just the superficious lining of it.
For further reference could you see the paper below, please?
Mutsaers SE, Wilkosz S. Structure and function of mesothelial cells. Cancer Treat Res. 2007;134:1-19. PMID: 17633044
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