There is no one single medium that will allow you to accomplish your objective. You will need to use a battery of different media and fermentation conditions if your objective is natural product screening. This needs to be followed by different extraction routines.

The other issue you need to address is how your screening assays respond to crude extracts, so you will need to determine how to interpret the signal in the presence of various known bioactive substances. Then, after you have addressed that problem you will need to determine how to deprelicate the samples you produce (as an array of media x fermentation conditions x fractionation x assay) to select the interesting activities to pursue further development. There are literally tens of thousands of known bioactive metabolites produced by actinobacteria. Discovering a new one is pretty routine, but you need to prove it is different than all of the known compounds. Discovering a new one that is therapeutically useful,

This is a well traveled path that many pharmaceutical followed in the large-scale screening programs for more than 50 yrs. Both the scientific and patent literature contain numerous reports of the methods that were successfully used to produce various bioactive molecules by a wide variety of actinomycetes. The Japanese journal "Antibiotics" is an especially good place to focus. So too are early the writings of Arnold Demain and his colleagues and the Journal of Industrial Microbiology.

The bottom line is there is no single answer. You will need to do quite a bit of digging in the old literature and experimentation to arrive at a strategy to optimize production of secondary metabolism.

Arginine Glycerol salt broth( AGSA-AGAR= AGSB)

SS broth-it is good for antibiotic production.

optimize N concentration which trigger production of secondary metabolites.

R5 medium (without agar addition for liquid cultivations) can be suitable. Anyhow, each strain would require medium optimization (and, in general, growth parameter optimization too) to produce high amounts of a specific secondary metabolite .

I think you have choose the Starch Casein broth medium for more production of secondary metabolites. But you have go to direct cultivation of potent strains, it is not good once so, You have must studied the media optimization parameters. After that you deign own media composition for your potent strains.

Good luck for your research

We often work with this one: glucose 1%, glycerol 1%, soluble starch 1%, corn steep powder 0.25%, Bacto peptone 0.5%, yeast extract 0.2%, NaCl 0.1% and CaCO3 0.3%

in tap water; the pH was adjusted to 7.3 (5M NaOH) prior to sterilization.

A very simple, but also good working production medium is 2% soybean meal and 2% mannitol in tap water, pH 7.5

Sometimes oatmeal-medium works fine, you can find it here (page 5):

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/225072057_Langkolide_a_32-membered_macrolactone_antibiotic_produced_by_Streptomyces_sp._Acta_3062?ev=prf_pub

Article Langkolide, a 32-Membered Macrolactone Antibiotic Produced b...

It depends what actinobacteria do you want to test. In case of rare actinomycetes (non-Streptomyces) that are quite slow growing genera. The rich media such a set of ISP media would be optimal. For Streptomyces spp., we recently found that PDB was the greatest fermentation broth for termite nest Streptomyces spp. The list of specific media and their compositions can be found easily from Handbook of Microbiological Media.

For Actinomycetes you will find a lot of different media in literature and sometimes rather unexpected supplements push production of certain metabolites. So there is definitely no generalization possible and the requirements will always be dependent on your desired molecule.

I would recommend to start with different media in shake flasks and then try to model the shake flask environment with the most promising media in the bioreactor (which can be very tricky). RAMOS devices allow a tighter monitoring and control of shake flask experiments and can help to transfer findings from shake flask to fermenter.

From my experience oxygen pressure and other parameters like pH, osmolarity have very often an influence on secondary metabolite production and tests with different values should be considered too.

If your`e not capturing your metabolites constantly the time point of harvesting your culture can be very crucial since some metabolites might be degraded by the organism (maybe consider to measure kinetics).

Good luck

Stephan

selected culture condition base on the activity assay

or selelcted the culture condition accordingto the LC-MS or HPLC detected the target compounds

If your actinomycetes are Streptomyces, then you can use ISP4 medium. If you have diverse actinomycetes you can use modified ISP4 medium (ISP4 + 4% Yeast extract). This is based on my experience on antibiotic production from actinomycetes.

There is no one single medium that will allow you to accomplish your objective. You will need to use a battery of different media and fermentation conditions if your objective is natural product screening. This needs to be followed by different extraction routines.

The other issue you need to address is how your screening assays respond to crude extracts, so you will need to determine how to interpret the signal in the presence of various known bioactive substances. Then, after you have addressed that problem you will need to determine how to deprelicate the samples you produce (as an array of media x fermentation conditions x fractionation x assay) to select the interesting activities to pursue further development. There are literally tens of thousands of known bioactive metabolites produced by actinobacteria. Discovering a new one is pretty routine, but you need to prove it is different than all of the known compounds. Discovering a new one that is therapeutically useful,

This is a well traveled path that many pharmaceutical followed in the large-scale screening programs for more than 50 yrs. Both the scientific and patent literature contain numerous reports of the methods that were successfully used to produce various bioactive molecules by a wide variety of actinomycetes. The Japanese journal "Antibiotics" is an especially good place to focus. So too are early the writings of Arnold Demain and his colleagues and the Journal of Industrial Microbiology.

The bottom line is there is no single answer. You will need to do quite a bit of digging in the old literature and experimentation to arrive at a strategy to optimize production of secondary metabolism.

Starch Casein broth medium for more production of secondary metabolites and also used to isolate Actinomycete very easily.

As from my point of view, i would suggest to isolate the actinomycetes isolates and then go screening for activity using Starch casein nitrate broth and once you isolate the potent isolate go for optimization of the medium using different medium. Then only you can decide which medium to use for mass production.

My best wishes.

ISP medium

My dear friend: Please let me know as to what is your objective behind isolation of Actinomycetes from fresh water. It is only then possible to tell you what should be the appropriate medium for it.

the above answer are correct. not know the purpose of obtaining metabolites but let me offer some ideas on solid substrate: rice, soil and straw. Then add sterile water and recover metabolites.

There are a number of very good media types,

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (2010) 98:119–142 DOI 10.1007/s10482-010-9460-2

ORIGINAL PAPER

A guide to successful bioprospecting: informed by actinobacterial systematics

Michael Goodfellow • Hans-Peter Fiedler

This is a very good paper which shows a number of media used to date

A couple of important points to consider prior to selecting a medium. a) environmental sample from which the isolates were obtained , b)primary isolation of axenic cultures on a couple of media ISP2, ISP4, Sporulating agar will give early information on which medium the isolates will grow best. c) review the latest literature to find what ingredients support growth of freshwater isolates in liquid medium). This is time consuming but it will help narrow down medium that you can select. Actinomycetes even the marine isolates love starch.

Iain has given a very good reference by Prof Goodfellow and Fiedler - icons in actinomycete research.

if you are unable to to get good results with Glycerol arginine salt broth you can try Glucose soybean meal medium.that will give you 100% results

ISP2 ( YMG) is o good fermentation broth for actibobacteria: per Litre:

Malt extract: 10 g

Yeast extract: 4 g

glucose: 4 g

pH: 7.3

You can find other suitable media with composition in Bisht et al.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.India , Sect. B Biol. Sci. 83(1):109–117 doi:10.1007/s40011-012-0086-1

Article Isolation, Purification and Partial Characterization of an A...

If you are seeking for isolation of secondary metabolites from actinomycetes (streptomyces spp.), so better go for ISP-media specially ISP-2 media (Yeast extract malt extract broth). Fermentation for 5-days then centrifuged the culture and apply various chromatographic techniques. You will definitely get better result.

AIA is best for the growth of actinomycetes but for the secondary metabolite production you have to optimize the medium with various sources. it will depend on the seasons and you have to optimize various parameters. the medium alone does not enhance the secondary metabolite production. some times u can get nice growth but u couldnt get the production. so whatever the medium u r going to use first u should optimize, it is very important for the secondary metabolite production. all the best.

First check  their ability to produce the secondary metabolites in the media you mentioned  in your question,  after that optimize the various components accordingly. As a result,  you will  find a suitable medium producing max. sec. metabolites.Because it varies from strain to strain.

Hai , attaching one of our publications - reference no 9 should be useful. You can contact Prof Fiedler - he is also on RG . all the best in your bioprospecting.

Hi

ISP4 medium supplemented with 4% yeast extract is really the best medium for antibiotic production in wide range of actinomycetes including both Streptomyces and rare actinomycetes.

I agree with George- there is no best medium. At isolation stage you can attempt replica plating to screen for targetted bioactivity but it can messy and time consuming. You can limit no of isolates by selective protocols aiming to isolate rare actinomycetes.

there is no one can predict with the best medium for production of antibiotic, this depend on several factors as the nature of isolation environment , type of producer (streptomyces or no) so ,you should  select and optimize the production medium through some statistical methods as placket Berman  design or even through traditional methods, after that you can it easily.   

You should examine broth media with different carbon and nitrogen sources, thereafter optimize the other growth conditions such as temperature, pH, salinity and other factors using design expert method.

SSY liquid medium consisted of: 20 g soybean powder, 10 g sucrose, 5 g soluble starch, 2 g yeast extract, 2 g protease peptone, 2 g NaCl, 1 g CaCO3, 0.5 g MgSO4·7H2O, 0.5 g KH2PO4, and 1 L double distilled (dd) water.