is ketogenic diet used mostly for children or can be used for adults?
can it be used for treatment of other diseases?
Dear Hajar,
some papers:
Article The Ketogenic Treatment of Epilepsy. (Irish Journ. Med. Sci....
Article The ketogenic treatment of epilepsy
Article Efficacy of the Ketogenic Diet for the Treatment of Refracto...
Chapter Ketogenic Diets for the Treatment of Epilepsy
Article Non-pharmacological medical treatment in pediatric epilepsies
Article Does ketogenic diet have any negative effect on cardiac syst...
Dear Hajar Waleed!
The ketogenic diet has side effects are. The ketogenic Paleolithic diets do not. Some articles and literature. Adults can also be used
http://paleomedicina.com/hu/tudomanyos-cikkeink
http://paleomedicina.com/hu/blog/2015/04/paleolithic-ketogenic-diet-history
"Gastrointestinal (GI) disturbances, such as nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, and constipation, also were frequently noted, sometimes associated with gastritis and fat intolerance. Other early-onset complications, in order of frequency, were hypertriglyceridemia, transient hyperuricemia, hypercholesterolemia, various infectious diseases, symptomatic hypoglycemia, hypoproteinemia, hypomagnesemia, repetitive hyponatremia, low concentrations of high-density lipoprotein, lipoid pneumonia due to aspiration, hepatitis, acute pancreatitis, and persistent metabolic acidosis. Late-onset complications also included osteopenia, renal stones, cardiomyopathy, secondary hypocarnitinemia, and iron-deficiency anemia. 22 (17.1%) patients ceased the KD because of various kinds of serious complications, and four (3.1%) patients died during the KD, two of sepsis, one of cardiomyopathy, and one of lipoid pneumonia"
"A high-fat ketogenic diet produced significant increases in the atherogenic apoB-containing lipoproteins and a decrease in the antiatherogenic HDL cholesterol"
"The body weight, height, body mass index, serum levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein increased significantly at month 6 when compared to baseline values (P < .05)"
"Subjects treated with the ketogenic diet had higher arterial stiffness parameters, including AIx and β-index and higher serum levels of cholesterol or triglycerides compared to those who had never been on the diet (control group). Arterial stiffness is increased in children and young adults treated with the ketogenic diet, before the increase of the intima media thickness. This supports that arterial stiffness is an early marker of vascular damage"
"Despite its positive effects in some patients, there are potential adverse effects. Two complications related to the ketogenic diet are selenium deficiency, which has been associated with impaired myocardial function, and QT prolongation as documented on electrocardiography. Reported here are two cases of death in a child on the ketogenic diet for seizure control. In case 1, the child who died of complications related to torsade de pointes, with documented QT prolongation; post mortem examination revealed selenium-deficiency cardiomyopathy. In case 2, a child experienced QT prolongation while on the ketogenic diet and later died suddenly at home. Both children exhibited selenium deficiency. These two cases suggest that patients on the ketogenic diet require monitoring of the QT interval by electrocardiography, myocardial function by echocardiography, and selenium levels before and during the ketogenic diet"
"The index case had no detectable whole-blood selenium. Cardiac physical examination and ECG were normal, but the echocardiogram revealed cardiomyopathy.Eight had selenium levels below the normal range (six initially, and two developed low selenium levels on serial testing).The nutrient adequacy of the currently used KD has not been fully evaluated. The nutrient content of KD with usual supplements may not meet Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) for selenium and may not provide other trace minerals in adequate amounts. At our center, selenium deficiency was found in 20% of the patients evaluated"
"Our patient, a 5-year-old boy on a ketogenic diet for intractable seizures, had a normal selenium level before starting the diet, but he shortly thereafter developed acute reversible cardiomyopathy and ventricular tachycardia.His cardiomyopathy was suspected to be secondary to a selenium-deficient state and was confirmed by way of a markedly low serum selenium level and supported by rapid improvement with the initiation of selenium supplementation and cessation of the ketogenic diet. We suggest that all patients initiated on a ketogenic diet should have a preoperative electrocardiogram (EKG), an echocardiogram, and selenium level determined before any elective surgery. These steps would prevent unnecessary perioperative morbidity and mortality"
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15329077
http://www.seizure-journal.com/article/S1059-1311(13)00339-7/abstract
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12928468
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25855687
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19027591
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12681013
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22367552