Hi Tharshini,

maybe some of the following articles will help you:

Article A review of modern sample-preparation techniques for the ext...

Article Modern extraction methods for preparation of bioactive plant extracts

https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/8016/a769dd2354e0227601203bc5f08db10d5037.pdf

https://watermark.silverchair.com/41-3-109.pdf?token=AQECAHi208BE49Ooan9kkhW_Ercy7Dm3ZL_9Cf3qfKAc485ysgAAAoswggKHBgkqhkiG9w0BBwagggJ4MIICdAIBADCCAm0GCSqGSIb3DQEHATAeBglghkgBZQMEAS4wEQQMD_PAUQ8R_phyeMoUAgEQgIICPqvqM1gEjUHrMK2ez45CicYC_kLJJXCndgLwDO55ab7y-dxAKrwxHVxTOqxstXfw0acpO9wmdwAjMh7CvmizKSHkCXJ5T-LxY39nxYd2WeWhLYL6G7NtGYpjb_JCQHjRvB6q8l7cpr_G23xhRwzGs-YVRMLqchnDtVoWBBiyCPr4CfOR6amBzUIem1cZ2z9tKZVFx_xqp-YqhuyGXN08Yd13JsQE-eWJxYHtL1i696fwbqmUcunC_gwl26FNaC7ANuIi3emUfmi2q3iHB3Pt7Y9qLF0FjbAuL8TaTh-grdeQ07Je3grtoAN59T3FcZ_rWfI68UjH96ar5OwEUsC2IzqMj4iW6rwd_X6hxm3tkR0wvOdfhxDER5JNF0A6JP_QSnyr8N5JEUtSQaZLGuCkBinorrR6Q_s97lkra4s6ouqMgCW_mde4xY4oJsE3DTdXoLdZ54edW6vIxIVfXP53uqsoUU9qug9tR9CQqZTcQtUF8MzHzPJHGyPMnFcnir00R-1qUHbiiALIhp_3hEW-HjewAXMuZ_CmOQN9zOBZsaoXxcVk6CAMFWbkXkkXSgfuTODXRI76sJJfETnpoZKckkSaQmtylvSwbBZv6-4m8iLlv1_gFTky7WTFthrcVbPTnc5AA2LuZR4sTWU2hUzPxdKH-Dc2ZgbQY4scRUXSXubZpy0egdNoxGWJnidaS7WY09TLfx86JiISmn5biT0OtK7Z7JvzVnv1yA2niLg6ykCiyZFWLRvFfdPxaFYuPxA

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/10991565/25/4

Regards

Markus

You can grind or pulverized it by using mixer and or grinder. You are expected to concentrate more on extraction or recovery efficiency of bioactive compounds on crushing the sample. You may use ultrasound or microwaves for better recovery.

Depends on what you want to detect! For a herbal you can dry several grams overnight at 105 Celsius, then grind the dried sample. You can then try FTIR (or NIR) on a ATC cell if you know what you are looking for.

What is the next step in your extraction? For hard items such as seeds, dried roots, bark, or branches, I would use a spice grinder or a blender, and grind it to as fine powder as possible. Let the dust settle before opening the grinder or blender in a hood.

If you have an explosion-proof grinder, you can dampen the material with your extraction solvent to keep the dust down.

Be sure you know the properties of your botanical material before engaging in too much physical manipulation. Resinous plants will cause grinders and blenders to get sticky and will bind certain components of your sample leaving you with a non-representative sample afterward. These plants are better handled with solvent extractions with the assistance of time, heat and/or sonication.

For sticky plants, I'll use an explosion-proof Waring blender and chop up the plant material in the solvent that I'll use.

complete extraction of active constituents is a prior work. for such we need to have extraction procedures like Maceration (Normal Herbal plants) Soxhlet( bark, gummy, sticky materials). once the drug is extracted you can prepare the solution form.

My colleague is an experienced plant biologist. He always uses liquid nitrogen in a little ceramic mortar and pestle. He first cools it off with the nitrogen before adding plant material, then he adds the plant material and more nitrogen. It then is pulverized with ease with the pestle to a fine powder resembling matcha powder for green tea lattes.

Then use whatever solvent and temperature makes sense based on the constituent you are extracting.