Generally, sampling sites are selected on the basis of the geoenvironmental conditions, aims of the study, ease of access, and financial resources. How can we determine a sufficient number of sampling sites for river water quality assessment in a study area? Is there any guideline or scientific method for this purpose?
Please, refer to the following links.
https://www.researchgate.net/post/How_many_numbers_of_samples_are_sufficient_to_represent_the_Physiochemical_parameter_of_a_whole_river_including_Heavy_metal_and_Pesticides_detection
https://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/resourcesquality/wqachapter2.pdf?ua=1
http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/hwrp/chy/chy14/documents/ms/WQ_Tech_Report_FINALDRAFT_24-10-2012.pdf
Regards
Well,
The water station suitable for study and analysis is the station that provides data for more than twenty years. Each station is affected and faces a range of difficulties, including:
-Great convergence of water projects, such as dam lakes, narrow bridges, and others.
-The river bed is not fixed horizontally and vertically.
-Difficulty getting to the nearest transportation route.
When performing the distribution of water monitoring stations to the tributaries of the water network, the following should be taken into consideration:
-In the long sections where one of the important tributaries does not pass, the difference between two consecutive stations in the reading of the average water discharge should be about 20% variable.
- When the main tributaries meet, the main tributary should have a measuring point or a water station in the upper basin and another close to its estuary, and the difference in the discharge reading between the two stations should be at least 20%.
Regards
Water quality assessment is the overall process of evaluation of the physical, chemical and biological nature of the water. Guideline on the whole assessment process in different types of water bodies exists. The details of monitoring methods and approaches which can be applied in the field are given in the
practical handbook by Bartram and Ballance (1996). See Water Quality Assessments - A Guide to Use of Biota, Sediments and Water in
Environmental Monitoring - Second Edition Edited by Deborah Chapman.
Please consult the following links:
https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1454/report.pdf
https://environment.des.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0031/89914/monitoring-sampling-manual-2018.pdf
Dear Bayan Hussien , thank you for your detailed answer. However, there are many scientific studies that used stations with only one year of data.
Dear Bachir Achour, thank you so much for introducing scientific references for the subject.
Dear Collins Tay, thank you very much for your answer and as well as introducing scientific references for the subject
Dear Evens Emmanuel, thank you so much for introducing useful references to the subject.
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