Commercial companies have different arbitrary ways to express the units of activity of the products they sell. The specific activity of enzyme preparation is the number of Units per mg protein. However, sometimes the term unit could refer to more arbitrary measurements of enzyme activity, such as absorbance change per unit time per mg enzyme protein.
So, an ‘arbitrary substance concentration’ is a substance concentration decided and defined by an ‘arbiter’. If the unit is defined by a measurement procedure that is not traceable to an international unit, the laboratory must describe and term the unit used. Such units are frequently termed ‘arbitrary unit/L’, ‘ELISA unit’, etc. without any indication of either dimension or magnitude.
Arbitrary units are the default units when the relationship between the measured phenomenon and established phenomena are unknown or insufficiently defined or definable. Please refer to the link below.
Article Recommendations on Measurement Units - Why and How