You can measure the porosity of coated according to ASTM E2109. The percentage area of pores on coating can be measured using ImageJ analyzer software. Measurements based on the circularity range of pores between 0.3 to 1. The circularity of pores was measured from the formula, 4 ×pi × (cross-section area of the pores shape/perimeter of the pore shape ^2). The value of 1.0 circularity indicates that the shape is a perfect circle. As detailed in the following references;
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