I am treating gold nanoparticles to cells(cancer cells) and see the adhesion & effect of gold nanoparticles on cells.

When I look at microscope, I find out that gold nanoparticles are aggregated around the cancer cells.

I know that gold nanoparticles aggregate when they are not in DI water, so just injecting the gold nanoparticles to PBS or HBSS will cause the aggregation.

But when I read articles about gold nanoparticles/cells, material & methods just tells me that "AuNPs were incubated with cells for 24h".

Does this mean that they just inject gold nanoparticles on cell media? I think it will cause quick aggregation and the results will not be accurate.

Is there any way I can prevent aggregation of gold nanoparticles treated on cells? (nanoparticles without pegylation. I want to know just buffer change or something.)

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