In a microscope with parallel illumination, a diffraction pattern is formed at the back-focal plane of the objective lens, but the intensities in the pattern are not affected by the psf. However, if we compute the power spectrum of the image, the intensities are heavily modulated by the psf.
Stephen Day
You have a classic Fourier Optics arrangement. If you had a perfect lens with impulse PSF then its Fourier transform has no amplitude information, only phase information. By the same argument, the PSF affects the phases rather than the intensities in the diffraction pattern.
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