For sure it will be considered. As the thesis should be different from papers. But it simply could be managed by combining some results of more than one papers and present together.

But some universities (for Ex. Alexandria Univ. in Egypt) took a decision that, if the student has published 3 papers (ISI, Q2 and Q1) he will be waived from thesis submission and examination. He will be awarded the PhD immediately after he achieved the above requirements.

For sure it will be considered. As the thesis should be different from papers. But it simply could be managed by combining some results of more than one papers and present together.

But some universities (for Ex. Alexandria Univ. in Egypt) took a decision that, if the student has published 3 papers (ISI, Q2 and Q1) he will be waived from thesis submission and examination. He will be awarded the PhD immediately after he achieved the above requirements.

It does not come under self–plagiarism but it is a sign of pure and absolute plagiarism because cut and paste of works without acknowledging the source is plagiarism that will be reflected during scanning of thesis text through the anti-plagiarism tool at the time of submission of the thesis. Just copy and paste of another’s work in the thesis is not allowed rather it is crime under university rule and voilation of Indian Copyright Act.

Extremely unacceptable behavior, try to re-form any text you need with referring to the reference including yourself, so please follow this standard referencing trusted procedure as indicated in the attached poster which is published by Mendeley.

https://www.mendeley.com/guides/mla-citation-guide?DGCID=Social_MDT&sf117082406=1

Regards, Emad

Sorry i forgot to add the link for citation methods:

https://www.mendeley.com/guides/mla-citation-guide?DGCID=Social_MDT&sf117082406=1

Regards, Emad

This is a serious problem research students are faced with...It takes a tedious work for a thesis to be zero plagiarised & u still expect that same student to rewrite what he has written...

I believe what should be done is for every research student to include their published work as part of their thesis...

This is serious. Please, am still learning from the answers provided or that will be provided for this question.

Thank you very much dear RG colleagues for sharing the informative ideas.

From your different views, I found the solution in

rewriting with reference in proper way, adding more new results and following the rules and regulations of the concerned institute.

But still, I strongly welcome other new relevant views so that students can get maximum benefits from this discussion in planning their own thesis and publications.

After all this discussion, I have got another question, if the overlapping of research work is needed to be avoided,

Which one is good for a Ph.D student?

Large number of publications with reduction in thesis OR Extended thesis with much less number of publications?

Looking forward for your kind suggestion.

Thanks a lot

With best regards

Chitra

You are welcome dear Dr. Elangbam Chitra Devi , and hope you will find the best and safe side for trusted publication and in case of needing more help please feel free and contact me again and again for more mutual academic cooperation in future work.

Regards, Emad

Of course, it is self-plagiarismi.This calls for working on special decisions not only with biosecurity, but also with scientific safety and scientific honesty. We make an additional effort with our students and scrutinize and investigate their thesis

Some students paste long paragraphs (sometimes pages) and consider them a quotation because they place the reference

For example, my faculty directly requires that the "core of work" be published sufficiently before the "thesis defence". And I think that's right, because it's actually a verification by the professional public.

What is the essence of thesis if aspects a greater part or all are not developed into useful paper publications that addresses the main issues (research questions) of the research? Yet, the papers are published from the thesis either before or after the thesis defence. What is important is that the researcher refrains from copy and pasting to carefully developing the papers, tilling them creatively from the thesis. S/he has to cite where appropriate, the papers from the thesis if it was published before the submission. This is safer and scholarly.

Best regards

Dickson Adom

I wouldn't consider "self-plagiarism" plagiarism at all - provided:

• you're the only author of some publication (easily clarified) and
• there hasn't been significant editoring (less easy to prove).

Where multiple authors are listed, it might certainly be difficult to show that you're re-using your own contribution (no plagiarism) and not the contribution of some co-author (plagiarism).

I personally have a number of publications where co-authors are given for "hierarchical" or other reasons although all these articles are 100 % my own work. But none of my "titulary" co-authors would have a problem with admitting that he was only listed without really contributing.

Anyway: as we evolve, we might want to re-word publications that are older than say 6 months. Sometimes even weeks can result in reconsidering existing texts.

Dear RG colleagues

I would like to thank and appreciate all for your kind contributions.

I would like to share my opinion to respected RG colleagues.

It is said that "A Ph.D thesis is read only by 3 peoples: the Ph. D student, the supervisor and the reviewer." I don't know whether it is true or not and if true upto what extent. But, I can imagine the difference between visibility /exposure of thesis and research papers. Although publication of thesis is also possible but not very common i.e., few compared to research papers. Obviously, research papers will have definitely more readers than a thesis. This implies more publication means more visibility/exposure of our research work. To my knowledge, publication of a part of research work is compulsory in most/ say some institutes. Okay, let's discard this rule also. While we submit a manuscript to a standard/ indexed journal, (say) mostly 2-3 reviewers (specialized in particular relevant topic of the concerned manuscript) studies thoroughly the manuscript. Throughout the reviewing process we learn a lot of things and a great improvement in the manuscript is achieved depending upon the journal. If a journal rejects it we can still modify, improve and resend it again even to a better journal. Simply, a trial error process is possible for improving the manuscript and hence research work. We have independent choice of journals but not reviewers. But, for a thesis I think it is almost opposite, no trial error process and some pre determined experts (although student does not know) for the whole thesis. I am not suggesting to except/reject a thesis if something is not clear/wrong. But as everyone does not want rejection of thesis, it will be better to do some trial and error process i.e., publication through journals so that one could be able to rectify/modify own research work in time. So, what I would like to say is that publication of research paper before writing thesis is imortant for the research work and the student (not only for institute). Next coming to rewriting of research work. Doesn't it comes under salami publications? We are accepting it only because a software can't detect it. We all know both the positive and negative side of plagiarism softwares and hence utilizing our best skills accordingly.

Next is adding more results/findings. Yes of course, a thesis always requires a detail explaination on theoretical and experimental backgrounds. Adding of these necessary things along with more new results will reduce the percentage of self plagiarism (of our reported work) but can't make it zero. Also, it is worth mentioning that "any percentage of plagiarism is unacceptable" according to experts.

From the overall discussion, I understand how to handle the problem. But, still I think it is not the real solution of the problem.

I was expecting everyone to answer "yes, it is self plagiarism" to my question but also beleive everyone doesn't like to reinforce it, otherwise there is no reason for this discussion.

I have learned a lot from this discussion so I would like to thank again all the respected RG colleagues.

With best regards

Chitra

"A Ph.D thesis is read only by 3 people: the Ph. D student, the supervisor and the reviewer."

This is certainly true for many, if not most Ph.D. theses that are hardly worth the paper to print them out. Saying so, I was also the n-th person reading some theses (not in their entirety, but the bigger part of them) to gain information.

Self plagiarism should be certainly subtracted from total plagiarism to have view of actual plagiarism.

As I know, a mater/doctoral dissertation is considered as not-published-manuscript. I would just advise you to declare that the paper was derived from your mater/doctoral disseration in the cover letter and acknowledgement section.