I used the sodium citrate method to add sodium citrate to the copper sulfate solution, and then added sodium hydroxide and ascorbic acid to synthesize cuprous oxide nanoparticles. Cubic nanoparticles of about 200 nm have been successfully synthesized, but the particle agglomeration is serious. How to solve the problem of agglomeration of cuprous oxide nanoparticles
Liming Zhou The sodium citrate method is a popular method for synthesizing cuprous oxide nanoparticles, but agglomeration can occur due to factors like impurities, surface energy, and van der Waals forces. To prevent agglomeration, ultrasonication, surfactants like sodium dodecyl sulfate and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB, and pH adjustments of 7-8 are recommended.
Liming Zhou This is a given for small material due to the attractive van der Waals forces. Either steric or charge (electrostatic) stabilization is needed to prevent this. Take a look at this webinar (free registration required):
Dispersion and nanotechnology
https://www.malvernpanalytical.com/en/learn/events-and-training/webinars/W190528DispNanoMat
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