Arid wetland ecosystems are poorly studied nowadays in most cases. We just started our works on modelling of water body and plant cover dynamics in our study area with use of remotely sensed data.There is a field caled hydro-ecological modelling This is very wide definition so I will find some articles describing the subject more strictly next week . This might be useful for you.
In general for arid climate the factors influencing water body dynamic are:
1. Climatic : Temperatures , precipitation
2. Local geomorphology including soil composition , infiltration ability, water storage capacity
Human impact
Some interesting developments are provided by researchers from the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Bejing, China
I think that the most prominent respectively in arid land are intensive rainfall event i.e. (flash flood), local topography, small scale geomorphology and land use land cover.
Dear Amr Saleem, The end of my post missed so trying to proceed:
Hydrological cycle in all water bodies (including groundwaters) is very important factor, not only flash floods caused in abundant precipitation. Evaporation drived by temperature dynamics and other factors is also valuable too. Note that exact parameters had to be taken into account depend on certain location. Very important point is a scale. Drivers of short-term (seasonal) dynamics usually differ from annual, decimal trends as well as dymamic character itself. human impact including land use is most unpredictable factor. Remotely sensed (satellite) data help in estimation of most referred factors (direct or ondirect) for model verification. This is suggested in accordance to our experience. Honestly speaking, the models you suggest are really complicated I suddenly found the reference I was giong to share: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/270769761_Spatially_explicit_estimation_of_soil-water_resources_by_coupling_of_an_eco-hydrological_model_with_remote_sensing_data_in_the_Weihe_River_Basin_of_China
Article Spatially explicit estimation of soil-water resources by cou...