What is the significance of XPS peak at 449 ev binding energy of Ti_2P XPS spectra?

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Can we get individual Ti and O2 atoms or TiOx molecules from a rf magnetron sputtered TiO2(Oxide target) target ?

I deposited TiO2 thin film on Si substrate from a TiO2 oxide target using rf magnetron sputtering technique (only Ar plasma is used ). Can i expect individual Ti and O2 atoms are sputtered from...

19 May 2024 2,230 6 View

Can anyone help with the ebook on Environmental Encyclopaedia by Cunningham, Cooper, Gorhani, Hepworth, Jaico Publishing House, Mumbai ?

Can anyone help with the ebook on Environmental Encyclopaedia by Cunningham, Cooper, Gorhani, Hepworth, Jaico Publishing House, Mumbai?

12 May 2024 5,683 0 View

Why the name re-combination in p-n junction device? what is then the combination process?

Why we called it re-combination but not combination?

12 April 2024 3,815 0 View

Is there commercial material to remove divalent ions from media?

I am looking to remove divalent metal ions from growth medium like MHB. Is there any commercial materials available like resin, which can be separated easy by filtration? Your comments are...

11 February 2024 3,108 0 View

In a sugarcane fermantion process yeast is produced then we externally added in the following step as a seeding?

If the dried yeast and activ dried yeast add externally in fermantion it can be obtained in yeast type saccharomyces cerevisie.

16 July 2023 4,262 1 View

How to produce bioethanol from sugarcane juice?

I want know about pretreatment on sugarcane juice for fermantion and either yeasts generat eith microorganisms or externally added dried yeast.

15 July 2023 1,726 0 View

How to use stable=opt?

I was using the following input lines: %nprocshared=16 %mem=47GB %oldchk=Restarting_with_1TS2.chk %chk=gv5_Restarting_with_1TS2.chk #p stable=opt lanl2dz guess=read geom=check m06 But I get an...

15 June 2023 1,314 1 View

In Gaussian calculations, If IRC calculations doesn't work are there any alternative methods to track if the transition state is correct?

I have been trying to get an optimized structure of transition state confirmed with IRC but if says exceeding maximum corrector steps so is there any other way that I can rtack the starting...

04 June 2023 3,300 3 View

Do we need to perform structural refinement of protein 3d structure predicted by trROSETTA or alphafold?

do we need to perform refinement like homology modelling in ab initio prediction methods like trROSETTA or Alphafold .If it is required suggest some techniques?

15 May 2023 8,525 4 View

Can anyone suggest me literature on bond strength and degree of metamorphism?

I need papers on bond strength vs degree of metamorphism, bond strength of sedimentary rocks (mostly sandstones), and what they depend on.

29 December 2022 9,763 3 View

Why do i have a weak plasma and no coating during rf sputtering?

I have been getting a low plasma and no coating while doing rf sputtering of copper doped ZnS using a power of 140 watts and at pressure of 6.5x10-3 Mb.

07 August 2024 4,524 4 View

What procedure should I follow for current controlled PPy film electrochemical deposition on ITO?

For example, I perform passivation process before electropolymerization of Py for adhesion to titanium surface. Is a similar or different procedure required for ITO? If necessary, I would be glad...

06 August 2024 3,175 0 View

Is artifacts in XPS possible to build high deviation in binding energy larger than 5 eV??

Hello. Thanks for your consideration to see my question. Recently, I conducted XPS anaylsis of g-CN that is prepared from thermal polycondensation of DCDA, so-called conventional bulk-g-CN,...

30 July 2024 9,824 2 View

Why do some of my Raman spectra show no signal at lower Raman shifts?

I'm using a InVia Renishaw Raman microscope system (785nm wavelength, 600l/mm grating density) to acquire Raman images on human brain samples, at 50um resolution. The samples are placed on MgF2...

30 July 2024 8,770 3 View

I have synthesized a composite of ZnO and In2O3 with variations in ZnO content. In Raman , what is the peak observed at 130 cm-1?

Dear all, I have noticed, as the ZnO content increases, the Raman intensity at 100cm-1 also increases. However, there is a peak nearby at 130 cm-1, which I could not find in any paper related to...

28 July 2024 5,410 1 View

How to scrape off the surface layer of compound sputtering targets as with multiple usage top layer's stoichiometry changes from the original target?

I am experiencing this for the Bi2Se3 sputtering target. Initially, even if the target was 2:3 in Bi : Se, with a few sputtering runs, due to the high escaping tendency of selenium, the top layer...

23 July 2024 1,649 1 View

How can I better use imageJ to get good result on calculating surface area of a film accurately?

I have images of film formed on the bottom of a 50mL beaker, and I have been trying to figure out the surface area. I could easily use features on imageJ to do that, but I want to know which area...

23 July 2024 4,461 1 View

Optimal condition for depositing FTO target 95:5% using sputter technique?

Hello I want to know about the sputtering condition of depositing FTO from target 95:5%. I tried with RF sputter in pressure 2.5Pa and 100 sccm Ar at room temperature but it showing no...

21 July 2024 1,680 2 View

"Hello, I am trying to find public datasets containing FTIR spectra of blood samples (both healthy and disease-related)?

These datasets will be used in the training of machine learning algorithms. Does anyone know any available data?"

17 July 2024 6,518 3 View

How can I calculate wt% of material from the area obtained from XPS data?

I have calculated the peak area from the XPS data. From this data how can I calculate the wt% of the material.

14 July 2024 6,951 1 View

Jürgen Weippert

Is your sputtering target In bonded? Can you exclude In impurities?

Did you apply any sort of charge correction or is this raw binding energy data?

Konstantin I. Maslakov

Hi, looks like an X-ray satellite of the non-monochromated X-ray source.

Dip Manna

1. I sputtered the target by Ar plasma for 5 minutes before deposition to exclude surface impurities.

2. @ Jürgen Weippert I applied charge correction by taking C1S(284.6 eV) as reference.

Generally, Konstantin I. Maslakov has a point about X-ray satellites, that would indeed be the hottest candidate here.

Be careful with the C1s correction, you may create more errors than you fix. If you used conductive Si, not shifting your data for a properly grounded sample might actually be better, see works by Greczynski et al.:

Article Toward an increased reliability of chemical bonding assignme...

Article X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of thin films

or some of their older stuff.