Dear contributors, I do not find any reason for downvoting of both the thread and all of your answers! What is going on? Do You have any idea! Maybe ignore!?

Dear Ljubomir

The world's future is directly linked to the use of renewable energy

The importance of using renewable energy is the economy that is made with the use of cheaper resources and preservation of the environment , since most uses natural , abundant and reusable for electricity production means.

The renewable energy sources are those in which the natural resources used are capable of regeneration , ie , are inexhaustible , unlike non-renewable resources such as oil . Popular sources of renewable energy are wind, solar , biomass , biofuel , biogas , geothermal , hydroelectric and energy from the sea.

Brazil has in its geography major agronomic advantages , since it was situated in a tropical region with high levels of brightness and average annual temperatures . Associated with water availability and regularity of rainfall , it is the country with the greatest potential for renewable energy production .

The Brazil explores less than a third of its arable land , which is the longest border in the world for agricultural expansion . The potential is about 150 million hectares , 90 million related to new frontiers , and other 60 related to grazing land that can be converted farm in the short term. The Brazilian Biodiesel Program aims to use only unsuitable for planting foodstuffs lands .

There is also a wide variety of options for biodiesel production , such as palm and babassu in the north, soybean, sunflower and groundnut in South , Southeast and Midwest regions , and castor , which besides being the best option from semi Northeast - arid, also presents itself as an alternative to other regions of the country .

Dear Ljubomir,

in Germany all fission reactors are supposed to be switched off and partially replaced by renewable energies. The problems we have here in Germany is how to transport the off shore energies to the southern part of our country.

It is a very good and promising and feasible idea. But I do not see much attention, since oil is still the top energy supplier. In Greece we are seeking for oil too, although the Aegean Sea has a great potential of this kind of energies.

In india . now a days we have started focusing in solar and wind energy ..there are many projects going on these fields ..

Way back in 1981, I was in National Institute of Oceanography, Goa, India, that time a pilot project on OTEC plant was prepared and submitted for funding. Later it was handed over to the new institute NIOT under ministry of Earth Sciences. The ENERGY programme of National Institute of Ocean Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, INDIA focuses on developing technologies for tapping renewable energies and generating fresh water from the ocean. A small rating Backward Bent Ducted Buoy 1 MW only was studied and its field trials are under progress.

The idea of tidal energy is being explored in India. Natural non-conventional Energy sources are the only solution now to be able to prevent complete depletion.

It is an excellent idea but it needs financial support to do that

Dear Ljubomir,

Thanks for sharing the great question. I am little late in this thread and I could see some interesting and important comments have already been posted.

India has a remarkably long coast line but very little initiatives had been taken so far to utilize tidal, ocean or wind energy. Some scattered small scale establishments are there to use solar and wind energy in usable form. Our government should implement adequate strategies to utilize those renewable resources to the fullest extent.

Regards,

Ljubomir very interesting question. I feel every country should follow this. As some of my Indian fellows mentioned now days Govt. is concentrating on Solar energy, free of cost especially countries lie in equatorial region can very well establish solar power plants. As Hatem mentioned financial support is always needed. Otherwise very difficult to manage this kind of activities. At the same time some of the methods are cost oriented as well as outcome is not worth enough to what we spend. So may be difficult to consider them. Like moon has water as the Rover discovered but not in a condition to use immediately hell lot of procedures need to convert that to normal water.

One of the scientist Dr G .V. RAMA KRISHNA, Chairman & Managing Director of SELCO International http://www.selco.co.in/about-management.html is concentrating on these kinds of issues. Check in existing projects. The main problem in Indian cities is enormous garbage. Now-a-days carry bag technology where ever you see plastic bags really hazardous for environment neither degrade nor we can make compost from them except recycling. Future generations may encounter problems, now itself we are facing during rainy season not enough water is reaching the ground. These plastic bags are obstructing. Ground water storage is reduced drastically, created lot of problems for water re-storage. Govt. banned them by that time itself tons and tons are used and thrown. G .V. RAMA KRISHNA invented a technology turning garbage into power pellets. He has patented that. Really a boon.

ALL renewable energy sources must be employed so that each country gets the most effective energy production. They may be wave, tide, wind, solar etc. We need to get away from fossil fuel and nuclear energy. But my country still uses oil and some hydro electricity.

The shift from non-renewable to renewable sources of energy is crucial for the very existence of human race on earth.

Oceans are potential sources for renewable energy but we have yet to work a lot to utilize it feasibly.

As a consequence of global warming more energy is trapped in the global weather system - hence the extreme storms that we have been experiencing. Tapping this energy resource might go a small way to stop these extreme weather events:- we have to think BIG, though.

Dear contributors, I do not find any reason for downvoting of both the thread and all of your answers! What is going on? Do You have any idea! Maybe ignore!?

Hello, in Belgium we use the wind in the sea. It's called "Thornton Bank Wind Farm" it was built in 3 phases – phase 1 with 6 x 5 MW turbines and phase 2 & 3 with together 48 x 6,15 MW turbines – and was fully operational since July 2013. The capacity of the completed wind farm is 325,2 MW.

More information and some photos: http://www.c-power.be/photos-c-power

@Karim, thanks for information. These are nice photo galleries for all three phases! I do appreciate Your contribution!

Ljubomir I too wondering about down voting and amazed to see the question put by Bassam on private education disappeared. I wonder always what happens!!!

These sources are called ocean mechanical energy and these are quite different from other form of ocean energy (thermal energy). Since these all are governed by sun whether it is thermal or mechanical. The waves are driven by the wind and tides are driven by moon hence these may be termed as Sporadic sources of energy.

Renewable energy from the ocean is most certainly a strong possbility. I know of no projects in South Africa, except for some minor and occasional university research projects.

Just a little food for thought:.

1) Sea water is extremely corrosive, so there can be financial barriers here.

2) The energy to manufacture the power plant should be less than that which the plant will produce over it's lifetime.

3) Taking power from ocean currents on large scale can have severe climatic consequences

4) Tidal movement is important for an incredibly complicated life cycle in the oceans (and consequently all life on earth). Do we really want to interfere with this on large scale?

It is an excellent idea but under developed countries may not be able to make it practical due to financial constraints.

I thoughts that it is important, but one problem is the distance between the place where its is generate and the place where it is use

One advantage is that tidal currents and elevations are predictables (compared to wind or solar energy for instance).

@Vasile, it is amazing! Let us HUVr! I am going to give US 20$!

Here is an interesting article about Bioenergy from TV Ramachandra you can find the full article from his RG window

Bioenergy: A sustainable Energy Option for Rural India.

Ramachandra T V, Ganesh Hegde, Bharath Setturu, Gautham Krishnadas.

@Vasile, Tribo - Electric is fine! :) I do not have any cats! :))

Let us speak a bit more seriously, here is a success of tribo-electric prototype that converts movement into power! Developed by Georgia TECH!

http://gadgets.ndtv.com/others/news/tribo-electric-prototype-developed-that-converts-movement-into-power-491687

Can it really be that mankind has come to this? Deploying improbable and incongruous 'Mad Max' style devices upon the surface of the worlds oceans, in an attempt to scavenge minute quantities of low grade, highly entropic energy far from potential grid connections is sheer madness. It's the science of the ill informed and gullible politicians.

Andrew, I am all with you on this. I read all the posts here with a touch of gloom, and the mirth that some of them afforded did nothing to lift that gloom. The hypocrisy of it all is that, while some of us struggle with sustainability issues, renewable energy, carbon mitigation...., a very large number of others are profligate about energy use. All oil and gas companies are pushing forward with ever more vigour for new sources. I see no way but to discipline ourselves. My friends call me a pessimist, because I think that is not going to happen and we are hurtling ever faster towards our doom.

I have to believe that we can turn the corner, but we need a new level of honest debate. I can't see why some go us are rinsing out yoghurt pots to recycle them while the self indulgent go skiing in Dubai when the temperature outside is 40+ Celsius!

I'm simply trying to place into context the lack of cohesive thinking on green issues, a simple sensitivity analysis would dictate that we are fiddling whilst Rome burns....

My dear fellows, I do recommend You to attend a scientific meeting on Energy Ocean! Wind, Wave, Tidal! Here is the conference program!

http://www.energyocean.com/conference-program/

David Johnson, you are right. Mankind could really be

awkward. With all the technologies, a plane carrying

over 200 people can disappear without trace. Wait till

you get stranded on Mount Everest before you know how

primitively equipped man is. Most of man's technologies

are causing so much disruptions to nature.

Andrew Avent, you are right. Governments are the tools

the politicians use. But no matter what, we must thank

Vasile Surducan for reminding us those very powerful

words of wisdom, "live and let others to live".

Vijay Raghavan, you are right and most importantly,

you are not a pessimist. Activities of oil and gas

stakeholders has already imbalanced the world. A lot

of things are going to happen. What you are seeing now

are just tips of the iceberg. Remember the time of Noah

from the Bible. Not all us has the ability to perceive

what looms ahead.

Vasile Surducan, the reference you sited will not be a

hoax, but a prelude to what is to come in future. In

1986, I started the design of invention I called the

Micro Hydroelectric Machine, a self-sustaining energy

machine that will replace the combustion engines in

automobiles and aircrafts, thus paving way for the era

of the anti-gravity aircrafts. Your reference just

confirmed to me that works have already started on

anti-gravity aircrafts.

Ljubomir Jacić, thank you for opening up this thread.

But it is important to note that the Wright Brothers,

Madam Marie Curie, Dr. Phillips Emeguali, Albert Einstein,

Isaac Newton, and a host of inventors didn't come about

solutions in a conference. Yes, conference might be good,

but there is too much talk and formalities going on

presently, yet too little to show for them. To help the

where it is presently, there is need for SINCERE actions.

Gbenga, you must be from Nigeria. I once had an exceptional PhD student from Nigeria - a far cry from some other African students. As a class the Nigerian student seems to be highly inteligent, very hard working and extremely articulate - a research supervisor's dream!

I was intrigued to see the name of Phillip Emeguali in the august company of the others mentioned. So I decided to look up his name. I came up with this.You could see it too if interested.

http://famouspeoplenews.wordpress.com/2010/10/23/how-phillip-emeagwali

Sites do exists where the large scale generation of electricity from tidal currents is possible and, very importantly, the consumers of the generated electricity and means to temporarily store it (pumped storage), are not far away. Scotland is the country, the Pentland Firth is the location of the tidal flow and the (relatively) nearby Great Glen has the mountains and lochs for pumped storage. Loch Ness is one of the Lochs.

Vijay Raghavan, I am a Nigerian and I thank you for your

great thoughts about Nigerian scholars. I also thank you

for directing my attention to the write-up on Phillip

Emeguali:

My inclusion of Phillip Emeguali in the august company of

the mentioned inventors is purely based on what I read

about his innovation; the "N+1 Operating System". His

misrepresentation of his true academic status is truly

pathetic and fraudulent. On this basis of not being able

to ascertain the true story, I sincerely apologize to all

followers of this thread and all who have viewed this

thread. The characters of the august inventors I listed

earlier cannot be tainted. Reason: they mortgaged their

lives to bring us these invention. A great inspiration

to me since my secondary schools days is Madam Marie

Curie. Hence it is better for us to see what we can

contribute to what others are doing than to be too much

involved in conferences.

Not to be too affirmative, I was silent on saying that

attempts at trying to tap energy from ocean waves is

counter-nature and is catastrophic for the future. We

should be thinking more of portable energy machines.

Has anybody ever thought of where the UFO space ships

get the energies that allow them to move faster than the

speed of light?

Today is March 22nd, World Water Day! It is well known that about 75% of all industrial water withdrawals are used for energy production."Hydroelectricity is the largest renewable source for power generation and its share in total electricity generation is expected to remain around 16% through 2035"!

http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday

@Prof Ljubomir, thanks for sharing with us:

'Most of the water used for hydropower generation is returned to the river though some evaporates and there are important impacts on timing and quality of streamflows.' SURELY Renewable !!

For some developing island nations ( like my home) , wave energy is a good option. With hundreds of islands spread across a vast ocean, wave energy offers the dual prospect of power and protection. With rising sea levels the waves are higher and lead to coastal erosion on small islands. WECs can absorb the energy (life artificial reefs) from the waves and reduce the impact on shore. small islands means less land so utilizing offshore WECs saves valuable land space. While there are several WECs in operation , there is no dominant one - hence unlike wind turbines ( which are more or less similar HAWTS and VAWTs ) development in wave energy remains spread over a number of designs - so progress is slow.

while it may be a question of offseting GH gases for industrial nations - for small developing nations its about a more sustainable , economic and less volatile (price wise) source of energy. The question on wave energy ( for small developing countries) simply boils down to two things - can we afford it? and who else is using it? . I was involved in many WEC projects and even did extensive resource assesment. I am hopeful that some day it will be as common as solar panels. These are just my opinion.

@Krishnil, Your observation that wave energy is a proper solution for some developing island nations is nice one! Thanks for comment!

Here is a picture of conceptual wave park by OSU!

Interesting Wave Park @ Ljubomir!

Hi, Ljubomir Jacić

It is a very interesting conceptual wave park by OSU!

I wonder what material it would be for building the cylinder since sea water contains high percentage of salt and very corrosive. Glass-fussed to steel sheet ma y be an option

Thank you

What is Glass-Fused-to-Steel?

Glass-Fused-to-Steel (Glass-Lined-Steel) is a unique tank finish. Two materials are fused together to achieve the best properties of both – the strength and flexibility of steel combined with the corrosion resistance of glass. Applied to both interior and exterior surfaces, Glass-Fused-to-Steel is able to provide many years of trouble free service in harsh environments.

This system has been proven over many decades on thousands of installations, and is supported by International Standards which cover the design and finish requirements:

Please refer to the following web site for additional information on harvesting tidal energy :

http://eetmarine.com/

Ocean is a huge source of energy and can play a significant role in enhancing the renewable energy portfolio of any country with right technology and right support from the concerned authority.However we can not fully predict the outcome, since no agency has ever tried to map the potential of ocean renewable comprehensively.

Moreover all the above , such as Wave , Wind and Tidal energy follows totally different technology for energy conversion, and it is a challenge for the engineers to locate a suitable site for tapping this vast sources of energy.

Of all the sources cited above, offshore wind projects seems to have more advantages over the others.Since the winds over oceans are stronger than their on shore counterparts with capacity factor as high as 65% as compared to 35% - 40% achieved on shore, they offer a better solution.

However it is equally important to check the commercial viability of the ocean renewable sources.Though the present costs are quite high, they may decline with time and change in technology. Besides all, there are some technical issues also, regarding the connection of these energy sources to the existing Grid system.

But then, before anything else, we need to assess the resources available and also do some preliminary studies, to ensure the optimum utilization of the same.

.

Thanks for sharing your knowledge. I found something interesting:

'The earliest evidence of using ocean tides for power conversion dates back to about 900 A.D. Early tidal power plants used naturally-occurring tidal basins by filling a dam at high tide and then releasing the water through a waterwheel. The power was typically used for grinding grains into flour.'

http://wwf.panda.org/what_we_do/footprint/climate_carbon_energy/energy_solutions22/renewable_energy/clean_energy_facts/ocean_energy_facts/

The Brittany coast is littered with wonderful examples of these tidal mills, the one on Isle de Brehat is a great example and truly beautiful. The Rance estuary is a real success story, been running for many years (70's I think). Unfortunately so few suitable sites are available it can only ever be a very small part of the solution.

You may already know about the 254 MW tidal energy project in Shiwa Lake in S Korea. As well as a similar sized tidal plant in France. These are good examples of utlility scale projects. wave powered propulsion ( eg Suntory Mermaid II boat) offer slower but cheaper inter-island travel options. ocean power need not be confined to electricty as teh end product - it can be used in transportation as well.

Another example putting a tidal plant anywhere in the world...even on a ship anchored in tide location can have potential to generate hydrogen at source and ship it to land for use in vehicles. In this way, even the most remote locations become suitable. However care must be taken when harvesting ocean energy as the ecosystems are delicate.

It is quite clear from current global circumstances, how influnetial energy dependance is on politics and he who controls oil/gas...controls a lot more. Ocean based energy may not alone be the answer - but they sure are a part of the answer. These are just my views.

Sincerely

Despite the doubts of many people and some current difficulties, in my opinion it is obvious that the ocean energy has a real future. It seems to me also that Europe is a leader in the research related with harvesting the marine energy and Ireland, UK, Spain and Portugal have a lot of resources. Moreover, the marine farms can play an active role in the coastal protection, fact that might be also important.

You are right @Eugen, this type of energy has a FUTURE! Dear colleagues, thanks for your valuable responses!

Well Come back, dear Ljubomir!

Dear Prof Ljubomir, I hope you had a good rest. All that we could do is a mere small fraction of your contributions and efforts! I am honest and I always give thanks and praise wherever it's due :)

Thanks to all, it is really worm welcoming by dear friends of mine! I need more rest, so my engagement will be less than before!

Here is a news source for offshore wind power projects.

http://www.offshorewind.biz/

Some interesting facts on tidal energy:

http://interestingenergyfacts.blogspot.com/2008/03/ocean-energy-facts.html

Dear All, Lijo Francis, Patrick Low and others that you know are not able any longer to log in their RG account from yesterday. RG suspended their accounts without any reason. I don't know why, but I find this an outstanding abuse. Please help them and inform all other participants as this is a signal that things are not going in the right way in RG before it happens to you!

Regards

Gianni

Sir, Also in India Prospects of renewable energy is very high, according to current estimation : Biomass - 19500MW, Solar 20000MW, Wind- 47000MW, small Hydro- 15000, Ocean 50,000MW, The sum of these renewable resource potentials,152,000 MW, is 70% of the current total installed energy generating capacity of India.

Good data @Nishant! It also mean that Ocean energy takes one third of renewable energy! Very prospective! Thanks.

It is good to explore all types of energy. At the end of the day, economics factor will determine whether the technology is feasible.

@Vladimir, could you give a clear explanation for your statement. I know of working tide stations.

There are some small reach here in Trinidad being done on tidal energy. I personally like the idea of it. I think countries should put some financial backing into most of there renewable energy sources because the time would come when they would need to be exploited.

exploring all avenues could develop technologies that may be applicable in different areas.

@Hano, here is the explanation You have asked for. Thanks @Vladimir for your fine response!

Dear Vladimir,

thanks for your response. I´ve some questions and remarks.

1. I calculated your distance shift for 1 million years and my result was 20-30 km enlargement of the distance earth-moon. In 1 Billion years you get 20-30000km. That would be an enlargement of 7-10%.

2. Could you explain, why you have sorrows with this change of the distance earth moon.

3. Do you know any calculation of the mass impact from meteorites, asteroids from space to earth and the influence to your estimation.

4. How will a tidal station really influence your distance bilance. To be honest, I don´t understand your statement.

Regards

Thanks a lot @Vladimir. Very fine and explanatory response!

Dear Vladimir,

thanks for your explanations. But some problems are not resolved for me.

- I don´t understand the em interaction, which shall influence our "geometrical" distance-velocity situation. Our configuration is a pure gravitational one.

- The time intervall I used was 1x10exp9 years, thats a quarter of the residual time of the residual life span of our solar system.

- The water-ice history of our planet is a problem of our climate or as 60 Mio years ago an accident with an asteroid.

- I don´t understand the time span of trillion years. The urknall big bang is 13.5 x10exp9 years old.

Renewable ocean energy has been around for decades and has never taken off. The reason is probably that the energy harvested is not worth the cost of the systems.

Dear friends, I am not able to attend the conference, but here is the book on conference!

http://accessintelligence.imirus.com/Mpowered/book/veo14/i1/p14

The problem with solar energy is that though its fuel cost is zero in countries where it is abundantly available such as in India and Jordan, the large upfront cost associated with it for installation. It will become economical when the other fuel costs go higher, or we develop economical methods of producing PV solar panels. Another problem to think of is that it is not continuously available since it relies on the sun, the weather, and the time of the day. So some kind of energy storage needs to be planned along with it. That will increase its cost. If the government allows you to sell produced energy to be fed into the grid like in Germany, then the storage part could be avoided. Environmentally it is the best.

From Solar Energy USA, a large 30 panel system that has a total output of 6,900 watts (6.9kW) costs $31,050.

http://solarenergy-usa.com/solar-info/solar-costs/

Dear Ljubomir,

take a look at attached link about ocean energy:

Generating technologies for deriving electrical power from the ocean include tidal power, wave power, ocean thermal energy conversion, ocean currents, ocean winds and salinity gradients. Of these, the three most well-developed technologies are tidal power, wave power and ocean thermal energy conversion. Tidal power requires large tidal differences which, in the U.S., occur only in Maine and Alaska. Ocean thermal energy conversion is limited to tropical regions, such as Hawaii, and to a portion of the Atlantic coast. Wave energy has a more general application, with potential along the California coast. The western coastline has the highest wave potential in the U.S.; in California, the greatest potential is along the northern coast.

http://www.energy.ca.gov/oceanenergy/

An offshore renewable energy park of year 2050!

Let me continue, here is the nice presentation about this issue!

More about renewable ocean energy you may find here!

http://technicalstudies.youngester.com/2010/05/renewable-energy-from-ocean.html

The ocean can produce two types of energy: thermal energy from the sun's heat, and mechanical energy from the tides and waves. Oceans cover more than 70% of Earth's surface, making them the world's largest solar collectors. The sun's heat warms the surface water a lot more than the deep ocean water, and this temperature difference creates thermal energy. Just a small portion of the heat trapped in the ocean could power the world.

http://www.energis.ba/?lang=en&n1=&n2=&n3=&c=10

I'm sorry but you can't defeat the second law. The entropy generated whilst attempting to convert these very low grade energy sources is far too high to make economic sense.

Dear Andrew,

Apparently it has been done in 1994 (attached link). However there is no information about cost efficiency of the project.

The attached link shows installation of the equipment for an ocean thermal energy conversion experiment in 1994 at Hawaii's Natural Energy Laboratory.

Credit: A. Resnick, Makai Ocean Engineering, Inc

http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/tech/ocean-energy

I'm aware of these plants, it concerns me greatly that they rely upon the vapour compression cycle and use highly toxic greenhouse gasses, I know they're sealed systems but the risks are just too high. The leakage from air-conditioning units all over the world, in cars and offices is a severe problem to which we simply turn a blind eye....a problem which dwarfs any attempt to cut fossil fuel emissions over the past decade. I say again that it makes more sense to focus on efficiencies at the point of use, eliminating transmission losses turns this into a huge gain. I just see too many whack-a-doodle ideas.....fiddling whilst Rome burns.

Yes dear @Andrew, this is the good point :" ...focus on efficiencies at the point of use, eliminating transmission losses turns this into a huge gain."

My dear friends, I am free to recommend a paper of our young and successful colleague Nishant Kumar that treat this issue!

Conference Paper Automatic control of tidal power plant

The posts by Mr. David Johnson are notable. But, I have few more things for discussion.

1. If we can extract energy from the ocean currents and prevent heat exchange of tropical waters at polar regions - It may improve the situation (?) We may reduce melting of Arctic and Antarctic ice caps. So some fears of global warming are reduced.

2. We may focus some benefits of this technology for a global financial support (saving polar ice caps !).

3. The energy produced = save conventional fuels = added climate savings and less global warming.

4. Some may argue that tropical waters would become more hotter. Lets do a math and work out if this would be irksome. In my opinion this would be a safer option than burning fuels.

5. The increased tropical waters temperature would increase humidity and leads to more rains or exchange of heat with atmosphere.. = increased air circulation and better in pollution angle.

6. Any suggestions are welcome

The Wind Power generation, in India at least, has not been economical. the installation cost are very high & may take very long to recover, forget about making profit. Although a dedicated sector for the same should be economical as in some parts of the world. However, as the Oil reserves are believed to last around 42 years, dedicated sector is believed to come up.

Solar, wind, ocean waves and all types of energies are there, ready to be used. Overcoming the capital investment, durability, maintenance cost and sustained interest in the free and green energy will require thinking outside the box.

Using today’s technological development, some free sources of energy will never be cost effective and exist on their own. Combining one or more green energy can only make “the power plant” more cost effective.

My own analysis of 1.8 MW solar power plant currently being built, will require 14 year to recoup the initial investment. Combining the same plant with another green technology we have developed, we call it nuPower™, reduces the amortization from 14 years to 9.5 months. This hybrid will survive the test of time.

Hybrid Green Energy is a key to sustainability.

Added Comment:

Fuel comparison below. More on all subject will be shared only after pilot plant is completed and running.

Ford vehicle lab tests on Btu basic Efficiency and Emissions:

Propane was 1% more efficient than gasoline,

Acetylene was 15% more efficient than gasoline,

NuPowerGas™-BF was over 20% more efficient than gasoline.

Gasoline: 1.8% CO2, 450 ppm Hydrocarbons

Propane: 0.12% CO2 400 ppm Hydrocarbons

nuPowerGas™: 0.06% CO2 35 PPM Hydrocarbons

Fuel Cost: nuPowerGas™ is ~30% of US gasoline price

Solar vs. nuPower™ Cost Comparison for 1GW power plant:

nuPower™: Cost: $ 500,350,000; Footprint: 10 Acres (4 hectars) maximum

Solar: Cost: $ 3,087,500,000; Footprint: 2,500 Acres (1010 hectars) minimum

Nu Power™ can make hybrids with any green and not so green energy sources, keeping them emission compliant.

Nu Power™ can produce power 24 hours per day, 365 days per year at any voltage or frequency desired.

Stationary or Portable power application. Vehicle and any other engines OK.

Seems to me a good project You are talking about my dear @Kiril. Technical data about hybrid green energy are welcome. Please, give us some more details on your project and papers, if available. It will be very interesting for the followers of this thread! Thanks.

Dear @Arun, You have raised some important issues, I hope that response will come soon. Thanks everybody for fine contributions.

Some of Arun's answers are not clear to me.

1...... It may improve the situation (?) We may reduce melting of Arctic and Antarctic ice caps. So some fears of global warming are reduced.

CAUSE AND EFFECT ATE MIXED UP HERE.

4. Some may argue that tropical waters would become more hotter....

With my understanding of science that is not possible if energy is extracted from ocean currents.

5. The increased tropical waters temperature would increase humidity and leads to more rains....

Since (4) is untenable, (5) is also inapplicable.

@ Vijay Raghavan

4. I have phrased the point keeping the efficiency of energy transformation in mind. We can never recover all the energy from currents, we can only transform some part of it at the expense hampering huge intermixing of tropical warm currents with polar regions.

@Arun,

Sorry again.

The tropical waters will not get hotter by intermixing with polar regions, it will get cooler.

I am only entering this pointless discussion as I thought I could set right some of the wrong notions. Of course you have a supporter who has upvoted your answer.

Dear @Vijay, You have an evidence, just check that I do upvote every response to my thread in order to induce more discussions.

@ Vijay Raghavan

In continuation..

Ocean currents from tropical areas take warm waters to polar regions. Now we have to extract some energy from this circulation. If we do this and hamper this intermixing how can they become cooler ? You are restricting intermixing of hot waters with cold waters.... Then, this restrictions will compound and cause the tropical water temperature to go high as expected. I hope this will stop further misunderstandings.

@ Arun, Yes, put this way it makes good sense. Thanks.

@ Ljubomir, you are very kind. I vote up a response only if I strongly agree with it.

Once I voted an answer down and RG shut me out for weeks :-)

Sorry to hear that dear @Vijay. I hope it will not happen any more. Regards and thanks for your responses @Arun, @Vijay and other colleagues!

Wave, wind and tidal energy may be all classified as work and thus no 2nd law limits. Of these, the best is wind energy (waves are also wind-driven) if you can capture it. The difficulty is that wind slows down in the planetary boundary layer. How to capture it one km or more above is a real challenge. Any method gets in the way of air transportation.

Hi all,

in 2014 the world's first commercial wave power generator will be in operation, offshore outside Kungshamn in Sweden. It's the result of a project that has been running for many years in Uppsala University (Wave Power Project - Lysekil). You can find more information in the provided links (also if you just google it).

I personally believe that this short of power sources could give a reliable source of power and energy, however the challenges lie of course in O&M under harsh conditions and also in transmitting this power to the shore. 

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysekil_Project

http://www.el.angstrom.uu.se/forskningsprojekt/WavePower/Lysekilsprojektet_E.html

Thanks dear @Antonios. Good resources. You are lucky to work in ABB! I do appreciate a lot your company in the area of power and automation.

In SEA, with more benign sea conditions, we may look towards solutions for isolated communities and islands, not for large scale grid-feeding projects. As such, private investment might not be fruitful unless supported strongly by government or CSR community development funds.

Tidal power is a marvelous way to generate energy but there are several barriers:

1. Coastal regions have delicate lifeforms.   Many environmentalists will vehemently protest if the lifeforms are endangered.   Underdeveloped countries might not care but developing countries have environmentalists that will fight against this kind of power generation.

2.  The cost of installing a tidal power facilitiey will be extreme because an infrastructure must be established that allows transfer of power generated to land and resists dramatic threats such as hurricanes.

3.  Fishermen will fight the installation of tidal power plants that might limit their fishing locations.