The primary requirements for “ideal” gold nanoparticles for photothermal therapy are: 1) plasmonic peak in the window of biological tissue transparency, it depends on habitus; 2) maximal extinction (light absorption + scattering), it depends on size; 3) aggregative stability in the media during sterilization and administration, it depends on stabilizers; 4) no toxic impurities, it depends on ways of synthesis and purification.

The primary requirements for “ideal” gold nanoparticles for photothermal therapy are: 1) plasmonic peak in the window of biological tissue transparency, it depends on habitus; 2) maximal extinction (light absorption + scattering), it depends on size; 3) aggregative stability in the media during sterilization and administration, it depends on stabilizers; 4) no toxic impurities, it depends on ways of synthesis and purification.

More preferably, gold Nanoshells are used where silica is an additional component to gold nanoparticles which will improve the biocompatability aspects

Dear Pooriya Khademi-Azandehi,

Normally people report about 50 nm particles(also read about protein corona). Normally nanospheres and nanorods are used but I guess there is no strict restriction. To avoid cytotoxicity they are functionalized with polymers or other ligands (e.g. PEG etc). Concentration ranges in nano molars. pH is set normally in the range of physiological environment.

You must read the factors affecting the size and nature of NPs in physiological environment ( Article Understanding and Controlling the Interaction of Nanomateria...

You can also go through the mentioned slides, and follow the references of last 2-3 slides.

Presentation Photothermal Cancer therapy using Gold nanostructures

PS: Alexander B. Shcherbakov addressed well, must follow his comments.

Dear Muhammad, thank you for your advice I really appreciate it.

Dear Alexander B. Shcherbakov, thank you, your guidance was very helpful.

Hi, I agree with the previously said. I can add that you need to think about photothermal efficiency, which is dependent on the surface properties of gold nanoparticles (surface ligands, stabilizants, chemical environmet and protein corona) and the plasmon's location respect to light (irradiation) source.

Best wishes