I'm running an exploratory factor analysis on SPSS and I have a message error: the number of degrees of freedom (0) is not positive, Factor analysis may not be appropriate. What does this mean?
Three items should be minimum needed for EFA. Try checking your correlation matrix to see if there is anything unusual. Also, instead of the default extraction technique (Principal Components Analysis), try selecting Principal Factors.
But note that the only possible meaningful solutions are either to put all three items on one factor, or to put two items on one factor and the third item on a second factor.
If you are expecting all three items to load on a single factor, then check Cronbach's alpha to see if how reliable that factor would be (you will find it under Scale, then Reliability Analysis).