You open a very interesting (and polemical) threads.
During the last decades, several journals charged fees to authors, as a way to "select" their contributors and starting from the consideration that only researchers affiliated (or associated) to "high-level" institutions were available to pay such a fees. In theory, the fees might be payed by the institution, but the reality is different and, as we know, everyday more institutions refuse to pay the fees related with the publication of the research works of their members. So, stressed by the pressure of the "publication fever", a lot of researchers pay personally the fees. To avoid such a perverse mechanism, a growing number of A-level journals has been implementing a "0 fees" policy. We are talking about journals that have a good circulation among scholars but that cut all the expenses related with "academic marketing" and with the "artificial pumping" of their impact factor.
Depending from the discipline, it exists a plethora of good quality journals with no fees.
Be only aware to avoid "predatory" open access journals, with ver low academic level... (see http://scholarlyoa.com/individual-journals/).
Normally, I prefer to publish on journals included in DOAJ: http://doaj.org/
This online service lists free, full text, quality controlled scientific and scholarly journals.
This directory allow you (with the "advanced search" tool) to find journals with no charges in your field (e.g. I fund 87 journals in dentistry with no charges for authors).
Take a look to a recent Nature's article: http://www.nature.com/news/open-access-the-true-cost-of-science-publishing-1.12676