Depends on your kind of biosensor, but commonly a blank measurement means to take a measurement with your device without adding the target analyte you want to quantify.
There are a couple of different ways of determining LOD/ LOQ, depending on what the measurement is and how you intend to use the device. The methods above are typically for HPLC, or systems where the blank can be offset or is zero. So you are measuring a change from a baseline value that you can reproducibly account for.
The following links define LOD with the concept of LOB or limit of blank, where the blank response also produces a signal which is part of your measurement and which you cannot simply subtract due to the nature of the measurement. This gives much poorer LOD values, but may be appropriate for the system application. It is often more suitable for biosensors.