How can one decide on the dose of a new compound to analyse its effect in animal model, specially in mice
you have to find out the effective concentration range, or based on the mice weight in comparison with similar compound you can find that.
you will have to carry out an optimization study in mice with different different doses , to determine the effective concentration! You have to do literature search of closely related compounds to know the dosage range .
Typically, the in vitro LD50 (using cell lines/primary cells) is a starting point. Then consider basic pharmacophore properties like lipophilicity, solubility, and functional groups on your molecule. These are merely guidelines; you need to talk with someone with core expertise in pharmacology & PK just to be able to select a dose range. How much drug you put in depends on how the drug gets modified and excreted. There's no simple answer - pilot studies are the only way to go, but make sure you have a reliable efficacy read-out ( a biomarker you can follow for example).
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