Hello Tomasz,

In Australia only one state, South Australia, has adult (folk) high schools. In each of the other states adults have had access to general (post-compulsory) education  through various Vocational and Further education institutes, most recently TAFE. The earliest of these institutes in Victoria were established around the 1850s as a result of the Gold Rush. They included the Mechanics Institutes, the Schools of Mines (starting with Ballarat - now a part of Federation University), and the Schools of Arts. I included a brief overview of their history, with links to further references, in my M.Ed thesis: Adults returning to study VCE Mathematics: lifelong learning, transition and engagement, and the adult learner. Hope this is helpful.

http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/488332

Rural India

Over the last four decades India has supplied highly qualified and well-trained manpower all over the world, representing almost all the disciplines of human activity. On the other hand, it is an acknowledged fact that India has the largest number of illiterates: almost 40% of the world’s illiterates are housed in.

The under-privileged masses are that section of Indian population which suffers from several social, economic religious and other barriers, and whose per capita income is so low that there is not only no scope for savings but the energies consumed in physical labour are often not recouped fully

http://wikieducator.org/PCF5:_Reaching_the_Unreached_:_A_Challenge_for_Rural_Development

http://www.nsdcindia.org/

Tomasz, There is quite a lot written in Spanish on the history of indigenous schooling in Bolivia including the setting up of folk high schools, among them Warisata, the famous ayllu-school. If you don´t read Spanish, then there is our book in English, Metamorphosis of Heads: Textual Struggles, Education and Land in the Andes by Denise Y. Arnold with Juan de Dios Yapita, published by Pittsburgh University Press in 2006, and on their site you can get into a digital copy. It mentions some aspects of folk high schools in passing.

Dear Tomasz,

I recommend you "Chilenizando a Tunupa" about school and 'chilenización' in Tarapacá (Chile), by Sergio González. He studied the state education process to population indigenous, peruvian and bolivian peoples in chilean territory after Pacífico War. He is current Nacional Award of History in Chile.

http://www.memoriachilena.cl/602/w3-article-8936.html

Good bye,

.

Hi Tomasz,

Do a search on Appalachian folk schools in the US.  (especially in the southern Appalachians.) A number of them came about in the early 1900s.  Interesting topic!

Jim

Yes, I can offer You, but please expect me some days. Now it is impossible to make something.

In the U.S., you'll find three basic types of adult education: citizenship education, normal school education, and the community college (the later two were more formal or quasi-formal institutions). 

Normal schools were teacher training schools, which served as a transitional institutions that later transformed into technical and state universities by the early 20th century.

The peak of citizen education ("Americanization") was before WWI.  See a historiography of subject on my blog.  It has lots of footnotes: http://jmbeach.blogspot.com/2011/08/what-is-americanization-historiography.html

As for community college: you can see my book "Gateway to Opportunity" or Brint and Karabel's "Diverted Dream."

Also, there were many "self-education" programs over19th and 20th century.  The most famous and influential was the Chautauqua movement.  Equally influential, but much more varied, would the be the industrial education programs and libraries that were sponsored by municipalities and corporations for the working class.

I come back with an attempt to answer. My contry is Romania, but I can talk just about a part of it, Transylvania, which was a province of the Austro-Hungarian Dual Monarchy (1867-1918). Transylvania - very sure You know - is a multi-ethnic space: Romanian, Hungarian and German, each nation taking care of its own education, sustained especially by the different Churches (Catholic, Reformed, Greek-Catholic, Orthodox). They are just elementary schools and several gymnasiums and one Hungarian College.

In the time of dualism, the confessional education was restricted, many schools were put down for administrative reasons, and theyr activity was conditioned by teaching in Hungarian.

This is a very short description of the situation. If You are still interested in the subject, I can give You some bibliography, but it is wrote in Romanian, with abstracts sometimes.

Dear Ana Dumitran, thank you for your information. I'm strong interested in this matter, especially - in different ways to own education prepared/realized by different ethnic/national and religious groups. if you could find the time and send me something more, I would be satisfied (for example: a few articles with English summary, links to websites, list of references ...), regards, Tomasz

Dear Mr. Prof. Maliszewski,

http://www.editura.ubbcluj.ro/www/ro/books/authors_d.php?ida=841

here is a book about Church and Romania School in 19th Century in a part of Transylvania, printed in 2012 by Cluj University Press, one of the most famous in Romania, so must be a good book. This one can be bought.

Dana Bocsan

this is the address where You can ask about a very good book, but impossible to buy, because stock is exhausted, published in 2002 by Nicolae Bocsan, about school and community in Banat, another province of Romania who was under the Austro-Hungarian rule. The Romanian title, but sure the book has an English abstract, is Școală și comunitate în secolul al XIX-lea. Circularele bănățele, Cluj University Press.

An usefull book can be École et nation. Les écoles de Blaj à l’ époque de la renaissance nationale, Cluj, Institutul Cultural Român, 2005, author Iacob Mârza. If You are interested, I suppose it is possible to be bought from the author. His e-mail address is  .

Mr. Prof. Mârza and Mr. Prof. Bocșan wrote very, very much and very good on the subject of School, Church and Society. You can write them, You can say about our discussion, and You sure will have good news and bibliography.

Are you also interested in Folk Universities, like in Germany & Switzerland ?

"Despite similar names and somewhat similar goals, the institutions are quite different in Germany and Sweden as opposed to the traditions in Denmark and Norway. Folk high schools in Germany and Sweden are in fact much closer to the institutions known as folkeuniversitet or folkuniversitet in Norway and Denmark which provide adult education. However, unlike the folkuniversitet, folk high schools in Sweden are not connected to a regular university. The Finnish työväenopisto or kansalaisopisto (Swedish: arbetarinstitut; English: workers' institute) are also part of the educational Folk tradition" from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folk_high_school

Hi, in the context of Malaysia, I think the existence of Quranic/Religious schools may be relevant to be identified as folk schools.

Maybe you would find this book:

Rosnani, H (2004) Educational Dualism In Malaysia- Implications for theory and practice. Kuala Lumpur: The other Press

helpful as it is quite comprehensive in laying out the history of our education system.

Please explain the meaning and context of folk high schools.  I don't know how the term is used in your country; it is not a common term in the US

Mr. Maliszewski,

Here in Brazil you can follow the evolution of teaching at the address below.

Regards,

Prof Paes

http://www.oei.es/quipu/brasil/historia.pdf

Georgette,

As an American who taught in Volkshochschule in Germany several years, I wiould like to indicate that both folk schools and folk universities fall within the realm of continuing adult education in the USA.  Sometimes these are offered by cities, counties, churches, clubs, votechs, and other organizations and institutions.

These were developed largely in Europe--but not exclusively there during the early and mid-labor union eras.  Workers co-ops and unions were involved in such educational movements in the USA in the past.*  The workshops in art and writing of the Depression era USA were part and parcel of this development in America.  Sadly, they have not caught on in terms of lifelong continuing education as has occurred in other lands. 

Also, earlier, in the late 1900s, the Chautauqua movement was part and parcel with &  in occurrence with the rise in European immigrants of the 1870s through 1890s--and progressive era up through WWI.

http://ciweb.org/

Dear professor Tomasz Maliszewski,

You may be like the following links from BRAZIL :

http://unisal.br/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/Disserta%C3%A7%C3%A3o_-Wilson-Montevechi_2005.pdf

http://www.revistas2.uepg.br/index.php/conexao/article/viewFile/3716/2605

http://www.ucs.br/etc/conferencias/index.php/anpedsul/9anpedsul/paper/viewFile/1178/78

http://www.pucpr.br/eventos/educere/educere2008/anais/pdf/444_356.pdf

Non-formal Adults education:

http://www.revistas2.uepg.br/index.php/conexao/article/view/3829/2708

Click on the link: Caso o documento não seja baixado automaticamente, clique aqui.

Please, let me know if it helps you.

Best regards,

Prof. Adolfo Hickmann

The Folk High School (or hoejskole) is a special non-formal adult education which originated in Denmark in 1844. For a Dane, Folkehøjskole signifies both a historical movement and a modern institution for life-long popular education and learning. It is residential school system which offers a range of subjects including social sciences, philosophy, sports, arts etc. The folk high school is probably the single most original contribution Denmark has made to international thinking about popular education. The folk high school gives you choice and motivation to explore and discover yourself and the world around you. As a non-formal education system, you have neither exams to worries about nor academic credits to take back home. Instead, the folk high school provides a special environment for personal development, socio-cultural competences and communication skills

http://centerx.gseis.ucla.edu/principal-leadership/documents/Westerman%20folk%20schools.pdf

Dear colleagues,

I would like to thank all those who wished to give me guidance on the literature on the history and contemporary folk high schools activities in the world. So far, I received a lot of interesting tips and hints on the subject. I hope that soon more information will be also.

Yours sincerely, Tomasz Maliszewski

P.S. I wonder why no one has wanted to speak on the future of folk high schools in Europe (it was the second of my questions). Maybe someone would like to formulate a statement on this subject? I would be very thankful to her/him,  tm

I was surprised that this topic has been discussed  bit here already: http://www.ask.com/web?am=broad&q=adult+education+history&an=google_s&askid=80d8d863-c3dd-4835-bf50-3b5a6900c71b-0-us_gsb&kv=sdb&gc=0&dqi=&qsrc=999&ad=semD&o=11542&l=dir&af=&_=1

Search Results

[PDF]Federal Adult Education: A Legislative History 1964 - LINCS

lincs.ed.gov/.../Adult_Ed_History...

United States Department of Education

AN AMERICAN HERITAGE. Federal Adult Education. A Legislative History. 1964–2013. U.S. Department of Education. Office of Vocational and Adult Education.

[PDF]Ends or Means: An Overview of the History of the Adult ...

www2.ed.gov/.../AdultEd/.../end-...

United States Department of Education

by AD Rose - ‎Cited by 20 - ‎Related articles

post-World War 11, the history of literacy education for adults, and trends in the history ... Division of Adult Education and Literacy, U.S. Department of Education.

[PDF]Adult education in the USA. Issues and trends - Stony Brook ...

www.stonybrook.edu/.../edelson_monograph.pdf

Stony Brook University

by PJ Edelson - ‎Related articles

adult learning in the USA, there is an important need to flesh out the historical .... consistent with the history and development of adult education in the United.

History of Adult Education: Info on Adult Education Programs

education-portal.com/.../History_of_Adult_Education_Info_on_Adult_E...

People who searched for History of Adult Education: Info on Adult Education ... of how adult education programs got started in the United States and what ...

NCSALL: The Rise of the Adult Education and Literacy ...

www.ncsall.net/index.html@id=576.html

by TG Sticht - ‎Cited by 49 - ‎Related articles

That is, the earlier history of adult education is characterized by a broad array of ... In most studies of the history of literacy in the early United States, the term ...

The History of Adult Education in the United States - jstor

www.jstor.org/stable/2292991

JSTOR

by MA Cartwright - ‎1945 - ‎Cited by 3 - ‎Related articles

THE HISTORY OF ADULT EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES. MORSE A. CARTWRIGHT1. James Truslow Adams in his re- cently published study2 of adult ...

History of the Adult Education Act

www.naepdc.org/issues/AEAHistort.htm

We thought it appropriate, therefore, to provide a brief legislative history of ... the U.S. Commissioner of Education (Department of Health, Education and Welfare).

[PDF]Adult Education Professional Societies - American ...

www.aaace.org/assets/.../ch_20_adult_education_professional_societies.p...

by JA Henschke - ‎Cited by 1 - ‎Related articles

Historically, the field of operations of adult education in the United States has taken ... The adult educational role is typically two-fold: (1) Providing learning .... recognizing historical literature, promoting disseminationand use of knowledge in.

[PDF](AAACE): Its history, purpose - American Association for ...

www.aaace.org/assets/.../schmidt%20aaace%20perspectives%20article.pd...

by SW Schmidt - ‎2013

The American Association for Adult and Continuing Education (AAACE) is an ... 1982, the history of adult education associations in the United States dates back.

[PDF]thematic review on adult learning united states - OECD

www.oecd.org/u...

Organisation for Economic Co‑operation and Develo...

Cited by 1 - ‎Related articles

The United States has granted the OECD permission to include this document on the OECD ..... A brief history of adult learning and educational credentials.

Perhaps someone else of the ResearchGate community members would be willing to prompt me any other publications (books, articles, websites, blogs, etc.), concerning folk high schools (their history, the present and / or the future). I am still very interested in this because of the research project, which I realize.

Dear Brenda,

I was in correspondence contact with the professor. Jindra Kulich from the University of British Columbia before his death. He also visited me in Poland in 2001. But I did not know of his article - thank you very much,

Tomasz

Ok - Dear Horst,

I'll wait for an information,

regards, - Tomasz

Germany has an old and  rich history on this subject (it's called Volkshochschule in German). Here are some refrences:

http://www.philso.uni-augsburg.de/lehrstuehle/paedagogik/paed4/downloads/Borinski_The-German-Volkshochschule.pdf (for the time of the Weimar Republic (1920s-1933)

http://www.lindenwood.edu/education/andragogy/andragogy/2011/Reischmann_1999.pdf (for a more recent overview)

http://www.kmk.org/fileadmin/doc/Dokumentation/Bildungswesen_en_pdfs/dossier_en_ebook.pdf (broad overview of the German education system, see Section 8.2)

Hello, Brenda!

Here in that video, you can see the answer for your question.

Sincerely,

Prof Paes

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KDlydJpnhv8

The following links give a relevant info:

Adult Education in Greece

http://www.infonet-ae.eu/country-overviews/greece

Hellenic Adult Education Association (HAEΑ)

http://adulteduc.gr/eng/index.html

THE GREEK EDUCATION SYSTEM Structure and Recent Reforms

http://video.minpress.gr/wwwminpress/aboutgreece/aboutgreece_education_system.pdf

https://www.google.gr/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=10&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CFwQFjAJ&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eur-alpha.eu%2FIMG%2Fpdf%2Fadult_education_of_immigrants_in_greece.pdf&ei=yxn0VP38A5LLaPTBgIgH&usg=AFQjCNHMS56jccJZyMdH3_3rn_XGNnUEhA&sig2=lCMxGVEFqTFrQVHiNT_ncQ&bvm=bv.87269000,d.d2s

Few articles regarding the development of folk high schools in the Croatian part of the Habsburg Monarchy (18th and 19th century) can be found at https://isp.academia.edu/FromProtomodernisationtoModernisationofCroatiasSchoolSystem

Articles are mainly in Croatian (some in German), all with English summary

Hi, there is no problem to find a literature of adult rural education - consider, Paolo Freire, at least (Brasil).Also in Australia, there are working education association deal with this.

Hello Tomasz. I just published an article on the Norwegian folk high schools with a historical angle.

https://www.idunn.no/nkt/2015/02/norwegian_folk_high_schools_redefine_their_role_as_value-ba

There is an article here on Woodbrooke College

http://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1312&context=quakerstudies

And here on Newbattle Abbey College

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00467600802635220

Walter Drews wrote a chapter on residential colleges for the history of modern British Adult Education. Details here:

http://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED424364

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folk_high_school#Finland

Thank you !

Dear Tomek,

Here You are bunch of my articles on São Tomé and Príncipe case:

Article A Luta Continua. Cadernos de Cultura Popular: podręcznik do ...

Article Krótka historia terminu conscientização i o tym, jak Paulo F...

Article Freirego Suchodolskim-Suchodolskiego Freirem: pedagogika mat...

Article Uciśnieni, historia i społeczna zmiana. Historiozofia w filo...

Here You are website of Centro de Referencia Paulo Freire [www.acervo.paulofreire.org] they have got a lot of sources on popular education (Freire and people who are following his philosophy would rather use popular instead folk education). You should see series of "A Luta Continua. Cadernos de Cultura Popular" handbooks, even if You don't use portuguese.

Last but not least: Freire, P., Macedo, D. 2005. Literacy. Reading the Word & World. London: Routledge.