Dear Avni Yildizbaş ,

It is possible that the closed container you created allowed for the conditions necessary for photosynthesis to occur, providing the energy source for the growth of the plants. The lack of air exchange also created anaerobic conditions, allowing for bacteria and other microorganisms to thrive and form the lichen-like structures and Elodea-like organisms. The lack of light penetration into the container may have limited the types of plants that could grow, but the tomato and coriander seeds were able to germinate and grow in the environment. The microorganisms in the soil may have also played a role in breaking down organic matter and releasing nutrients for the plants to use. It's difficult to say exactly what species of plants grew without seeing them, but it's likely to be some type of mold or algae which are common in anaerobic environments.

Dear Nicolò M. Villa ,

Thank you for the information you have provided. I am not an expert in this field, but I understood what you said based on the information in the basic biology education we received.

I just wanted to do something like this out of curiosity, and I put the container on the windowsill, especially to get light. So the container was transmitting and receiving light. I don't know if the tomato and coriander seeds germinated or not, and what the growing plant you see in the photo is.

This phenomenon is possible for some species but for some others it is not suitable for their growth.

Dear Hairi Ismaili ,

I see you. How do you think this whole process that I told might have happened? And which species are suitable for this phenomenon?

oh, i did not see the photos before - they look like several species of moss. the spores would relish the warm, moist conditions to germinate. there would have been enough oxygen in the container and once germinated they produce their own. keep them going and they will produce sporangia i would expect.

Dear Professor Byron B. Lamont ,

Thank you very much for your interest and the information you have provided. Now I understand a little more. I think after the moss germinated, they started to produce oxygen in the container, thus helping the other plant to germinate and establish a seedling. I'll keep watching, and if anything different happens, I'll post it here.

So how did the seeds of the vascular plant (I think it probably is) survive in a humid environment for so long?

Best wishes

Avni Yıldızbaş

again i missed seeing the dicot seedling as the image was incomplete. the shape of the cotyledons and glandular hairs on the hypocotyl remind me of tomato so indeed your seeds lasted intact for 6 months was it? tomato seeds are quite hard and are renowned for surviving in sewage for many months and then germinating once the sewage is spread on the ground - producing scores of varieties all at once!

Yes professor, I put tomato seeds about seven months ago. I will follow the development of the seedling, whether it will bear fruit and whether it will adapt to this environment. If there is a change, I will share it here.

Ok, there is one big glaring error here that needs addressing. The main gas plants need is carbon dioxide (that is their carbon source for building mass), not oxygen. Keep in mind too that your seeds come with a pre-packed carbon/energy source (the seed). Of course they can germinate! All they needed were some favorable conditions (water, temperature). Some seeds even germinate just fine in the dark (the plants die after they use up the stored seed carbon).

It's great to see you are curious and want to try out experimenting. Please also review your into bio!

Dear Amy Klocko ,

Thank you for your interest and the valuable information you have provided. I will continue to observe the experimental setup, and if there are any significant changes I will post it here.

There is no error. Most seeds require oxygen, not carbon dioxide, to germinate. it seems there was eough in the jar for germmination of the moss spores and at least one tomato seed. once germinated, germinants need carbon dioxide for photosynthesis. again there would have been plenty in the soil that is well known to store CO2 especially if saprophytic microbes were active in the warm, moist environment. plants also need O2 to satisfy their aerobic respiration needs - again this would be supplied by the plants themselves once they were established if the air in the jar was low by now

https://biologicperformance.com/sealed-bottle-terrarium-garden-watered-once-53-years/

Pendyala Chitralekha

another articles and book about terrarium. The links are below.

chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://mospace.umsystem.edu/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10355/61212/g06520.pdf?sequence=1

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/230860#page/1/mode/1up

There was no need to close the jar، but preparing the water demand and optimum temperature were enough as the key factors affecting tomato seed germination. In this case spore germination might be inhibited.

I major in media and communication, and I have no information about what you wrote, my colleague in science

لذا أتعذر من سيادكم لعدم افادتكم في مجال تخصصكم

Nacera Belhocine ,

No problem. You can follow this discussion about what will happen in life cycling in the bottle.

Best wishes.

Azizollah Khandan-Mirkohi ,

Of course, it was not necessary to close the bottle, but the main goal of the experiment was to determine whether a tomato seed could grow without oxygen, water, and heat from outside; because of this, I closed the bottle.

Peace be upon you. My specialty is media and communication sciences, so I apologize for my inability to help you. Good luck to you