I don't know the specific mechanism of the drug but the theory is as follows: Individuals suffering from Alzheimer's have low levels of acetylcholine (ACh) neurotransmitter leading to learning and memory impairments, as well as brain disorders. Cholinesterases are enzymes that catalyse the hydrolysis of the ACh into choline and acetic acid.

By using acetylcholinesterases inhibitors you prevent the breakdown of ACh, thus compensating for the loss of functioning cholinergic brain cells and supporting the communication between the nerve cells.

Such drugs can work only early stages of dementia.

I hope that helps

Hi Gilo Mupenzi

Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition: Hopeahainol is a natural compound that potentially acts as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. This means it can block the action of AChE, preventing the breakdown of acetylcholine.

The Effect: By inhibiting AChE, hopeahainol could help increase the availability of acetylcholine in the brain. This could potentially improve cognitive function and slow the progression of Alzheimer's symptoms.

Mechanism:

1. Binding to Acetylcholinesterase (AChE)

• Molecular Interaction: Hopeahainol is believed to possess a chemical structure that allows it to bind to the active site of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme. This binding forms a complex between the drug and the enzyme.
• Competitive vs. Non-Competitive Inhibition: The type of inhibition exhibited by hopeahainol on AChE is still under study. It could be a competitive inhibitor, where it directly competes with acetylcholine for the same binding site, or a non-competitive inhibitor, where it binds to a different site on the enzyme, altering its shape and function.

2. Blocking Acetylcholine Breakdown

• Preventing Hydrolysis: Regardless of whether the inhibition is competitive or non-competitive, the binding of hopeahainol to AChE hinders the enzyme's ability to break down acetylcholine. This leads to a slower rate of acetylcholine degradation.

Hope it helps,

Thanks,