"USA CANNOT BE TRUSTED!!! Or it is CORRUPTION at the highest level! I don't want to believe that Putin "bought" not only Trump, but also Biden?" One should not force on the ingratitude! If it weren't for the political support of the USA, the weapons of the USA, the Dollars of the USA,... Ukraine would have capitulated long ago! "I can forgive men everything, except injustice, ingratitude and inhumanity." Denis Diderot, La religieuse (Own Translation). Original text "Je puis tout pardonner aux hommes, excepté l'injustice, l'ingratitude et l'inhumanité."

"...If it weren't for the political support of the USA, the weapons of the USA, the Dollars of the USA,... Ukraine would have capitulated long ago! .." Where do you have such confidence (about the surrender of Ukrainians to the Russians)? Yes, it would be difficult for us! But the Vietnamese also had a hard time fighting the US army, and the Afghans had a hard time fighting the Soviet army. Ukrainians will NEVER capitulate to the Russians! Without US support, the Ukrainian war would have been different. And the Russians know this very well. The global mission of Ukrainians given by God is to destroy myths about the power and greatness of Russia!

Ukrainians are GRATEFUL for the support of the AMERICAN PEOPLE, but they do not understand the behavior of the US government!

"Vietnamese also had a hard time fighting the US army, and the Afghans had a hard time fighting the Soviet army. Ukrainians will NEVER capitulate to the Russians! Without US support". False! Vietnamese were supported and armed by all the Communist World, particularly by USSR. Afghanese "Moujahidines" were supported and armed by the USA and financed by the petrodollars. Let's Hope that when the Western World stops supporting Ukraine, God will Help Ukrainians "Destroying Myths"

I find this surrealist introduction misplaced, ungrateful and totally unproductive: "US blocks Ukraine from firing British missiles into Russia - Looks like Putin was right!!! Is America "Rotten"? Is the Biden administration "rotten"? What moral right does the USA have to do this with the LIVES of Ukrainians? The whole world is watching and comes to the conclusion - USA CANNOT BE TRUSTED!!! Or it is CORRUPTION at the highest level! ?Ukraine's attack on Russia's Kursk region (to reduce shelling of Ukrainian border towns) broke secret agreements between Russia and the US?

Zelenskyy: Ukrainian forces have to be able to carry out long-range strikes, partners have to lift their bans https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2024/08/17/7470823/

I suggest to all "lovers of Russia" to fly far, very far. You won't be interested here. But I understand you! You have to demonstrate your work in front of your Russian employers. Money must be worked out.

Boris Johnson calls for ban on Ukraine using Storm Shadow missiles to strike targets in Russia to be lifted - https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2024/08/17/7470821/

Are there SECRET agreements between the USA and Russia regarding Ukraine? If there are Secret agreements nobody will know about it, unless they are revealed. Washington Post (WP) is revealing this morning about secret negotiations between Ukraine and Russia, perhaps the USA is, in one manner or another, involved in, who knows? WP: Ukraine’s offensive derails secret efforts for partial cease-fire with Russia, officials say. The warring countries were set to hold indirect talks in Qatar on an agreement to halt strikes on energy and power infrastructure, according to officials. "Ukraine and Russia were set to send delegations to Doha this month to negotiate a landmark agreement halting strikes on energy and power infrastructure on both sides, diplomats and officials familiar with the discussions said, in what would have amounted to a partial cease-fire and offered a reprieve for both countries. But the indirect talks, with the Qataris serving as mediators and meeting separately with the Ukrainian and Russian delegations, were derailed by Ukraine’s surprise incursion into Russia’s western Kursk region last week, according to the officials. The possible agreement and planned summit have not been previously reported... Some involved in the negotiations hoped they could lead to a more comprehensive agreement to end the war, according to the officials who like others spoke on the condition of anonymity to discuss the sensitive diplomacy. The willingness to engage in the talks signaled something of a shift for both countries, at least for a limited cease-fire... A diplomat briefed on the talks said Russian officials postponed their meeting with Qatari officials after Ukraine’s incursion into western Russia. Moscow’s delegation described it as “an escalation,” the diplomat said, adding that Kyiv did not warn Doha about its cross-border offensive... In response to questions from The Washington Post, the Ukrainian presidential office said in a statement that the summit in Doha was postponed “due to the situation in the Middle East,” but it would take place in a video conference format Aug. 22, after which Kyiv would consult with its partners about implementing what was discussed. The Kremlin did not respond to requests for comment. The White House declined to comment for this story. The Biden administration has long said the timing and terms of a potential cease-fire agreement with Russia are for Ukraine alone to decide..." Read on: https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2024/08/17/kursk-ukraine-russia-energy-ceasefire/

It is a bad omen to start a discussion with a complete off-the-mark introduction and to follow up with trials of intent, invectives, and gratuitous accusations towards peers. These are defects of Scientific Ethics and Integrity, not to say these come under Scientific Misconduct.

See Also:

https://www.researchgate.net/post/Scientific_Integrity_on_ResearchGate

I suggest to all "lovers of Russia" to fly far, very far. You won't be interested here. But I understand you! You have to demonstrate your work in front of your Russian employers. Money must be worked out.

Scientific discussion threads on RG are, by definition, free to access and open to free expression within the ethical circle of civilized debate. And luckily, that's how it is; otherwise, it would be an annoying imposture! No offense to those who do not appreciate being contradicted by trying to exclude or silence their opponents using unworthy subterfuges. The contract on RG is inscribed in the RG User-Obligations terms of service: https ://www.researchgate.net/terms-of-service#User-Obligation

That each contributor sticks to it

See Also:

https://www.researchgate.net/post/Scientific_Integrity_on_ResearchGate

https://www.researchgate.net/post/Scientific_Integrity_Research_Ethics_and_Higher_Education_Deontology_The_Senior_Scholars_Duty

"One of the main international law issues raised by the Russian aggression against Ukraine is to determine the legal qualification of the role played by the European Union." The Just-Published Paper by Rasi, A. (2024) "Providing Weapons to Ukraine: The First Exercise of Collective Self-defence by the European Union?. European Papers-A Journal on Law and Integration, 2024(1), 397-422," aims at establishing whether it can be qualified as a measure of collective self-defence. Available on: https://www.europeanpapers.eu/it/system/files/pdf_version/EP_eJ_2024_1_7_SS2_Aurora_Rasi_00763.pdf

There one may read, within the Introduction: "... From the perspective of EU law, this assistance can be easily explained. It is grounded on a decision adopted by the Council on the basis of the provisions of the founding Treaties governing the Common Foreign and Security Policy. Far less clear is the qualification of EU action under international law."

The examination of the applicable international law, as well as the relevant EU decisions, leads the author to the following conclusion: "To be clear, it does not seem possible today to consider that Decision 338 determined the purchase by the European Union of all the prerogatives to act in collective self-defence under international law. Nevertheless, the analysis carried out so far could clarify the meaning of the terms used by the Council of the European Union in the Strategic Compass, unanimously approved in March 2022. In that document the Council declared not only the will to “enhance the EU’s strategic autonomy”, to make the Union “stronger and more capable […] in security and defence” as well as “complementary to NATO” and to increase its contribution to “global and transatlantic security”.103 It also specified that those objectives were to be achieved precisely by reproducing the scheme of Decision 338 in other crisis situation: in particular, “[by operating] as in the case of the assistance package to support the Ukrainian armed forces”.104 At the end of the analysis it seems possible to read those words as alluding specifically to the Union’s acquisition of the right to act in collective self-defence by provoking the development of customary international law on the use of force. If this strategy succeeds, in the future Decision 338 would be considered the first case of the European Union, an entity without its own armed forces, exercising collective self-defence."

See Also:

https://www.researchgate.net/post/To_WW3_or_Not_To_WW3_That_is_The_Question_to_Ask_Scholars

https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace

The article by Govorov, A. (published July 2024), "The Motives of the Russian War on Ukraine: Corruption, Empire, Philosophy, Raison d'état and Religion, Studies in World Christianity, 30(2), 212-229", examines the motives for Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine. "The topic is explored through five principles developed by Kenneth Burke to analyze motives: act, scene, agent, agency and purpose. The major claim is that the war is being waged to ensure the longevity of the Putin regime and so allow the corrupt and power-hungry political elite to retain their positions. The kleptocratic state is kept afloat by means of waging war only through a system which can implicate wealthy and powerful individuals in serious crimes at any moment, suppresses dissent and produces expansive propaganda for the broader population. This war is a result of the privatization of the political state and its deliberate transformation into the state of nature, which poses a threat not only to Ukraine, but to Russia itself and the entire world." To be requested on:

Article The Motives of the Russian War on Ukraine: Corruption, Empir...

Comment. This is not the Russian narrative, but let us admit these academic results that can be understood in the way the author has presented them. We therefore understand at the same time, the "motives" behind the expansion, since the end of the Cold War, of the military alliance of Western countries, in this case NATO towards the East: it was therefore to curb this Russian threat, as explained in the paper. Russia, for its part, took it as an affront, a threat to its National Security that it erected as a "Casus Belli", which resulted, according to them, in a war on Ukraine, "waged to ensure the longevity of the Putin regime and so allow the corrupt and power- hungry political elite to retain their positions," the paper says. What the world, and NATO in particular, are doing if these developments pose "a threat not only to Ukraine, but to Russia itself and the entire world"? Russia seems to not care about these treats, including those she, herself, incurs. So what?

Ukraine does not care about the strongest condemnations of the Russian military campaign and their devastating effects on the civilian populations and infrastructure, and on the potential of the armed forces. Ukraine is in a bad posture that calls for much more than that: It is a matter of either a total commitment of the Western clan, that has never ceased to dangle illusions related to Ukraine's membership in the EU and NATO (promises constantly postponed to the Greek calends); Otherwise a total recasting of the European posture leading to peace talks with all the actors to rebuild the Europe of peace on new bases which highlights the interest of an integrated Europe (from the Atlantic to the Urals).

See also:

https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace

https://www.researchgate.net/post/To_WW3_or_Not_To_WW3_That_is_The_Question_to_Ask_Scholars

"While Putin’s actions have been widely condemned in the West, the reaction among the former Soviet states has been more mixed. Using representative national surveys from late 2019 and early 2020," From the paper by O'Loughlin, John, et al. (2024) "Support for Vladimir Putin in Russia's neighbors: Survey evidence from an endorsement experiment in six post-Soviet countries, Political Geography 108," reports the results of an endorsement experiment "to gage the support that Putin had in six countries of the former Soviet space (Ukraine, Moldova, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Georgia, and Armenia)". Available on:

Article Support for Vladimir Putin in Russia's neighbors: Survey evi...

There one may read in the conclusion: "Vladimir Putin dominates the current post-Soviet political environment in Russia and its neighbors and is properly the focus of much scholarly attention to his views and their reception among publics at home and abroad. But as we have shown in this paper, to parse out the factors that motivate people to support or oppose such political figures or other controversial choices such as territorial adjustments or the nature of governance, we need to go beyond the usual socio-economic explanations. To incorporate elements of survey respondent personalities, a more complicated survey design, including extensive questions about deeply-held attitudes, is essential."

See Also:

https://www.researchgate.net/post/War_Peace

https://www.researchgate.net/post/Science_and_history_serving_political_and_ideological_narratives

Year 2020 is irrelevant, Jamel. All changed 24 february 2022.

Eugene F Kislyakov wrote "Year 2020 is irrelevant, Jamel. All changed 24 february 2022." Okay, I would appreciate it if you provide us with newer references on the topic. Thank you in advance.

All is changing everyday, Jamel.

Eugene F Kislyakov should I understand that you have no further references on the Topic you are discussing? If so, never mind and I respect your point of view. Regards.

The excellent essay by Durant, D. M. (2024) "From Nicholas to Putin: Russia Since 1900, The ScholarShip, East Carolina University" seeks to "guide readers wishing to explore the burgeoning literature on modern Russia by offering a survey of 50 works that will be most useful for offering historical perspective and understanding of the invasion of Ukraine and the nature and origins of Putin’s regime. It is by no means comprehensive, in terms of both the books included and the topics covered. Rather, it seeks to provide nonspecialists, undergraduates, and general readers with a starting point for research, one that helps guide the reader toward useful and accurate works and away from instant books and sensationalism." Available on: https://thescholarship.ecu.edu/bitstreams/c1aa08ee-e46d-412f-8c91-49dfa278f1e1/download

"Prolonged conflict will strain Ukraine's economy, displace more civilians, and create broader regional instability. International organizations and the European Union’s will need to ramp up humanitarian aid and economic support to manage these challenges." This is the ultimate conclusion of the paper "Conev, B., & Ilieva, J. (2024). Geo-Economical And Geopolitical (Geostrategic) Implication From The War In Ukraine On The Black Sea And Southeast European Regions. UTMS Journal of Economics, 15(1), 22-26." There one may continue reading: "The end of the war in Ukraine is uncertain and contingent on multiple dynamic factors. A prolonged conflict seems likely unless significant diplomatic breakthroughs occur. The outcome will heavily depend on American political dynamics, European and NATO policies, and the ability of both Ukraine and Russia to sustain their respective war efforts. The international community's role in supporting Ukraine and pressuring Russia through sanctions and diplomatic channels will also be pivotal in shaping the war's resolution. We can conclude the mentioned above because war's continuation will have severe economic and humanitarian impacts." Paper available on: https://mail.utmsjoe.mk/files/Vol.15.No.1/3.GEO-ECONOMICAL-AND-GEOPOLITICAL-GEOSTRATEGICAL-IMPLICATION-FROM-THE-WAR-IN-UKRAINE-ON-THE-BLACK-SEA-AND-SOUTHEAST-EUROPEAN-REGIONS.pdf

Abstract: "The war in Ukraine has significant geo-economical and geostrategic impacts on the Black Sea region. The ongoing conflict in Ukraine has not only caused unrest within the country but has also led to tensions between Russia and Western countries. This has had implications for the Black Sea however and for the Southeast European regions. Namely, Overall, the war in Ukraine has had wide-ranging effects on the geo-economical and geostrategic dynamics of the Black Sea region, impacting energy security, trade routes, military presence, and political alliances. In this paper the author will prove the hypothesis that: “The war in Ukraine have created four major issues for the Black Sea and Southeast Europe in the fields of energy, trade, military and politics” The hypothesis is proved by operationalization of the following major areas of analytics; The Black Sea region is critical for energy transportation, with pipelines that carry natural gas and oil to Europe passing through Ukraine. The conflict has raised concerns about the security and reliability of these energy routes. The Black Sea and Southeast Europe are an important trade route, with access to various countries in Europe, the Middle East, and Asia."