1. You have a protein whose antibody is not available, or
2. You have discovered a novel protein and you do not feel the need to generate the antibodies against it, or
3. Your protein is in low abundance in endogenous condition, or
4. Your protein is poorly immunogenic.
In such cases, you will need to tag your samples with V5. The V5 tag antibody identifies the V5 epitope tag, enabling protein of interest to be analyzed and studied via Western blot. V5 epitope tags are useful as their small size does not interfere with the biochemical properties of the proteins being studied. The V5 tag antibody acts as a universal reagent for any protein carrying the V5 tag, thus avoiding the need to generate individual antibodies for specific proteins.