When I prepared niosomes using tween 80 to encapsulate vaccine, the efficiency was very low or negligible. the molar ratio of cholesterol and surfactant is 1:1. I need to know what is the problem?
Hello Dr. Ebtsam
I think it is related to the hydrophobicity of the vaccine molecule. You have to optimize the ratio of cholesterol to make the membrane stable. In addition, you have to choose the ratio that represents the cell membrane if you was modeling the live cell.
You have to think about the factors that affect encapsulation efficiency of any membrane. pH, temperature, and length of the hydrocarbon chain may be the keys.
Yes, I agree with Abdo. You need to think of the physicochemical property of your vaccine molecule, such as surface hydrophobicity and surface charge. You need to also check the stability of your vaccine molecule in the presence of tween 80. I personally suggest you to use a high-throughput screening platform to optimize the conditions that are critical for your encapsulation efficiency. A factorial design can be used to check the effects of different parameters at various levels.
You need first to optimise the ratio of your components. I think you need also to add a charging material to your formulation to enhance the stability. If your vaccine has a total positive charge then add a negative charging material to your formulation and vice versa.
The method of manufcturing also affect the degree of encapsulation.
Check this paper for different method of manufacturing:
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378517317300881
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