From environment and genotype which has more effect on production and reproduction performance of a dairy cow? By what method we identify the effect of each?
I think its an environment, which can affect the animal's productivity more. i.e. Pure HF cow producing 30 to 40 ltrs of milk in European countries...If we are taking it into tropical country like India than production performance definitely reduced to half or more than that. Bcz for maintenance purpose animal waste more energy here. In that, environment with high humidity and temperature is more dangerous compared to high temperature alone. Misganu Amanuel
Genotype decide production potential and environment express production as per potential
Both genotype and environment are essential for milk production. If we have a cow with an improved genetic pattern for milk production, but environmental conditions are not good, cows will not be able to produce high milk. Suppose that we have cows that are not genetically improved, but live in excellent environmental conditions. Of course, the environment helps to increase milk production of these cows. Thus, environment is more important than genotype in managing cows. Therefore, if we have bad environmental conditions, we recommend raising local cows, or if we have excellent ecological conditions, we recommend raising improved cows. Genes responsible for milk production cannot work in bad environmental conditions, highlighting importance of interaction between genotype and ecological conditions in management of agricultural animals.
Both environment and genotype affect the performance of diary cow. The h2, of milk is usually aout 0.25 and enviroment affect about 0.75 which is more than genotype. The example when country in tropic area introduce cows of European origin
In favourable or adaptable environment, genotype has more effect, while the opposite happens in unfavorable or adverse environment.
genotype is the genetic constitution of the animals, milk yield is jointly affected by genotype and environment. Only genotype can not guarantee optimum milk yield but the roles of environment will enhance optimum milk yield
Heritability value of milk yield is 0.39 which is 39 % which falls within the range of moderately low class interval.
Due to its low heritability, selection for high milk yield is largely dependent on cascades of environmental factors such as feeding/nutrition, medication/vaccination, climatic factors/weather conditions such as intense sunshine, thermal/heat stress etc.
Lactation performance in dairy cattle depends upon genetic and environmental factors. Genetic background, climate, diseases, feeding, year and season of calving have been reported to affect milk production, lactation length and dry period.
https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/39477
Also, kindly check:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S175173112100135X
https://popups.uliege.be/1780-4507/index.php?id=3778&lang=fr
And kindly check:
Impact of hot weather on animal performance and genetic strategies to minimise the effect
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