I was asked to do a presentation on the following paper:
Juratli, Mazen & Menyaev, Yulian & Sarimollaoglu, Mustafa & Siegel, Eric & Nedosekin, Dmitry & Suen, James & Melerzanov, Alexander & Juratli, Tareq & Galanzha, Ekaterina & Zharov, Vladimir. (2016). Real-Time Label-Free Embolus Detection Using In Vivo Photoacoustic Flow Cytometry. PloS one. 11. e0156269. 10.1371/journal.pone.0156269.
In the introduction, it says something like this: "However, application of the PA technique to the real-time monitoring of embolus dynamics during a medical intervention in large vessels is challenging. The main goal in this paper is to demonstrate that the in vivo PAFC can rapidly detect emboli triggered by melanoma and (...)"
- My interpretation of this is that, for some reason, PA isn't enough so it must be used together with flow cytometry. I would like to know why and what is the difference.
Dear Mariana Nunes,
Photoacoustics (PA) means the study of vibrations induced in matter by light. Laser light causes localized heating when it is absorbed by a surface. This in turn makes the target area expand and sends a pressure wave through the rest of the material. This effect enables imaging of opaque systems, particularly biological samples. Photoacoustics flow‐cytometry technique (PAFC) is based on non-radiative transformation of the absorbed laser energy into acoustic waves caused by the fast thermal expansion of the heated sample. This phenomenon is monitored through the changes in optical characteristics that are detected by an ultrasound transducer attached to the sample. For in vivo applications, PAFC either uses label‐free detection of cells with intrinsically light‐absorbing chromophores (e.g., hemoglobin, melanin, or cytochromes) or cell labeling with strongly absorbing dyes or nanoparticles as PA molecular probes. In general, PAFC is considered acoustic analysis, meaning the data collected and analyzed would be on sound waves. Although, PAFC is conducted using the same process as conventional flow cytometry, the sensor used is a transducer rather than light capturing sensors. Where photosensors convert light energy to electrical energy, transducers convert sound waves to electrical energy.
Hope this helps.
Best - Pradyumna
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