I am looking for other alternative methods to measure the electrolytes aforementioned since other studies claim that Indirect ISE can induce error in its results due to its dilution step.
Direct Ion Selective Electrode. It does not have the same problem as indirect ISE in regards to the dilutional effect brought about the variation in size and/or volume of the non-aqueous phase. It is important to note, however, that indirect ISE is routine and some hospitals only use direct ISE as confirmatory test.
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You can use the direct ISE method that is mostly seen in Point-of-care testing.
Measuring factors in biological samples such as sodium, potassium, and chloride is best accomplished through the use of direct ion-selective electrode (ISE) technique. By directly sensing the concentration of ions without interference from other substances, this approach achieves a higher level of accuracy in their readings. With its less complicated nature, the test is made easier to carry out and the danger of making mistakes. There are fewer procedures and sample manipulations involved in direct ISE techniques, which makes them appropriate for use in clinical settings since they provide faster results. In addition, the fact that they use less reagents and consumables may make them more cost-effective, and the fact that they are simple may help minimize the amount of work that is required for sample preparation and analysis. It is also possible to get a large dynamic range using direct ISE techniques, which enables precise measurement of a wide range of ion concentrations without the requirement for sample dilution or concentration.
Ion selective electrode (ISE)-based technologies are used by the majority of modern electrolyte analyzers, both in clinical labs and at point-of-care (POC) settings. However, there are drawbacks and hazards associated with using Indirect ISE as a parameter measurement technique. In contrast to indirect ISEs (iISEs), which include a predilution step where samples are diluted in a ratio of 1:20 or more to allow measurement with lower sample volumes and to expand the measurable concentration range, direst ISEs allow interaction of serum sample directly with the ion-selective membrane.
Reference:
Chopra, P., & Datta, S. K. (2020). Discrepancies in Electrolyte Measurements by Direct and Indirect Ion Selective Electrodes due to Interferences by Proteins and Lipids. Journal of laboratory physicians, 12(2), 84–91. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1713690
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