It is common RO large-scale plant configurations with horizontal module setup. However, it is not necessary to be horizontal.
Horizontal setup is preferred for long modules basically to have easy setup within a given space. (Some cases help to maintain same hydraulic head, but in RO case compared to overall pressure the head difference is small).
You can find there are some RO units which vertically constructed. So basically I think the reason for common horizontal setup is for space management and maintenance reasons for longer modules.
for example, if it vertically oriented and long, then you need much more space above the modules in case you need to take them out for some reason like cleaning.
(moreover, small types typically vertical oriented. since it can be takeout easily even under vertical orientation).
So basically, the common horizontal orientation of RO modules should be due to space management (and maintenance, again space management).
It is common RO large-scale plant configurations with horizontal module setup. However, it is not necessary to be horizontal.
Horizontal setup is preferred for long modules basically to have easy setup within a given space. (Some cases help to maintain same hydraulic head, but in RO case compared to overall pressure the head difference is small).
You can find there are some RO units which vertically constructed. So basically I think the reason for common horizontal setup is for space management and maintenance reasons for longer modules.
for example, if it vertically oriented and long, then you need much more space above the modules in case you need to take them out for some reason like cleaning.
(moreover, small types typically vertical oriented. since it can be takeout easily even under vertical orientation).
So basically, the common horizontal orientation of RO modules should be due to space management (and maintenance, again space management).
It is more convenient to install RO pressure vessels containing up to 8 membranes to install horizontally. If these RO vessels are installed vertically you need access platform and ladders to have access to one end of the vessel. In Israel 16" dia RO pressure vessels were installed vertically. The old Dupont hollow fiber RO membranes were installed vertically.