in review articles what is the main differnce between "abstract " and "conclusion " ....... what elements each of them should or shouldn't contain ?
Abstract is a short note that express the contents of the research work, whereas conclusion is a statement/decision reached by the researcher based on the research findings.
The abstract should include some background, an objective of the review and a brief overall description of the topic (which also includes some of the conclusions). The conclusion should just focus on what can be inferred or derived from what was presented. The conclusion should not have any background, and should preferably be written as an affirmative rather than an speculative statement.
According to APA guidelines “Your abstract should contain at least your research topic, research questions, participants, methods, results, data analysis, and conclusions. You may also include possible implications of your research and future work you see connected with your findings. Your abstract should be a single paragraph double-spaced. Your abstract should be between 150 and 250 words” (Angeli et al., 2010, para. 2). Salkind (2010) explained “An abstract is a summary of a research or a review article and includes critical information, including a complete reference to the work, its purpose, methods used, conclusions reached, and implications.”
Concerning the conclusion, according to APA guidelines online “Conclusions wrap up what you have been discussing in your paper. After moving from general to specific information in the introduction and body paragraphs, your conclusion should begin pulling back into more general information that restates the main points of your argument. Conclusions may also call for action or overview future possible research.
- Restate your topic and why it is important,
- Restate your thesis/claim,
- Address opposing viewpoints and explain why readers should align with your position,
- Call for action or overview future research possibilities.”
References:
Angeli, E., Wagner, J., Lawrick, E., Moore, K., Anderson, M., Soderlund, L., & Brizee, A. (2013). General format. Retrieved from http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/
Salkind, N. (2010). Abstract. In N. Salkind (Ed.), Encyclopedia of research design. (pp. 2-3). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc. doi: http://dx.doi.org.library.capella.edu/10.4135/9781412961288.n1
maria has explained well the abstract, the explanation about the conclusion is still hazy
Both Zapata and Maria have explained well the abstract part of a paper but the conclusion part is still a challenge to some scholars. Thank you very much Maria for a good elaboration on the conclusion part.
The guidance/guidelines as per the following papers may further help, namely: rules of thumb on abstract / conclusion (see: Hengl and Gould, 2002, pp. 1 and 6, respectively); checklist for writing abstract (Derntl, 2014, p. 110).
- Assan, J. 'Writing the Conclusion Chapter: the Good, the Bad and the Missing', Development Studies Association Annual Postgraduate Workshop, University of East Anglia (UEA), Norwich, UK, 1-3 June, 2009: University of Liverpool, 1-8.
- Bunton, D. (2005) The structure of PhD conclusion chapters, Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 4, 3, pp. 207-224.
- Derntl, M. (2014) Basics of research paper writing and publishing, International Journal of Technology Enhanced Learning, 6, 2, pp. 105-123.
- Hengl, T. and Gould, M. (2002) Rules of thumb for writing research articles, International Institute for Geo-information science and Earth Observation (ITC), Enschede, pp. 1-9.
- How to write a good thesis abstract?: https://www.researchgate.net/post/How_to_write_a_good_thesis_abstract
Abstract summarizes the whole paper and contains a background, methodology, results, and conclusion. On the other hand a conclusion talks about the state of knowledge in light of the findings of the study
Abstract is a short note that express the contents of the research work, whereas conclusion is a statement/decision reached by the researcher based on the research findings.
Abstract = it's your compressed article in a few lines
Conclusion = it's your results compressed in a few lines
Abstract is the short summary of the article whereas conclusion contains the major findings based on the work performed in that article..
An abstract is the brief summary of entire paper and is often used to help the reader quickly ascertain the paper's purpose. However, Conclusion is derivative from the contents of the paper, and states the main scientific fact derived from the paper.
Please have a look at these useful links.
https://www.researchgate.net/post/What_is_the_difference_between_abstract_and_conclusion
https://www.quora.com/What-is-differences-between-abstract-and-conclusion-in-scientific-writing
It can be said: The summary comes in the first research and includes the main ideas. Abstract is the most important thing in the research or report, as the summary is the first impression comes in the mind of the reader on scientific research in general, where the summary of the research is one of the most important steps to write a successful scientific research is the mirror of research without the abstract is not considered scientific research full and comprehensive, There are many ways to write a summary of scientific research is not only determine the idea of the content of the scientific research you will write....
For research conclusions: All results are reached when applying the research steps, or based on the recommendations attached to it, and write the research conclusions at the end of the research, before the source page, and the references to be a second abstract of the research after the abstract is written In the beginning, the conclusions must be characterized by the following: that all the results reached by the researcher are clear, and understandable. All results must be accurate and accurate. The researcher evaluates the level of his research from his point of view. Adopting the evaluation of the research committee, if any, as an essential part of the research findings. Recommendations, conclusions should be integrated with the main title of the research.
An abstract is a brief summary of a research article, thesis, review, conference proceeding, or any in-depth analysis of a particular subject and is often used to help the reader quickly ascertain the paper's purpose. The conclusion is intended to help the reader understand why the research should matter to them after they have finished reading the paper.
Abstract is a brief summary of an article or a thesis while a conclusion is a summary for what has been reached to in an article or thesis. The similarities between them is that both contain the main highlights of the research and the difference is that a conclusion is more about the results of the study in addition to its inclusion of some recommendations
The abstract is a brief survey of the whole content discussed and analyzed in your paper. The conclusion refers to the main findings you have arrived at through out your paper. It takes the form of points or some statements summarizing the content of your paper.
Abstract is the summary of all parts (introduction, method, result and discussion) of the article while conclusion is drawn from the the result.
I think abdullah Noori has answered well a part of a conclusion though is still a debate on what is exactly a good conclusion.
Abstract' is preview of review paper in brief and 'Conclusion' explore explicit research voids of available literature published by researchers globally for the betterment of young researchers/academician working in the same area
hi. in conclusion , the researcher should explain the theoretical and practical implications of the results and findings of the study in detail. focusing on further suggestions and study limitations is a component of conclusion. conclusion is interpreting the results considering the studies cited in review of literature agreeing or disagreeing their views based on the new findings. abstract is the gist of the study with more introduction or background knowledge , niche, aim and results. best
Abstract is the summary of the entire paper, while conclusion ties the work to the larger literature and highlights new areas of discovery as well as practical implications for the work.
The abstract is a summery of the whole research, while the conclusion is the summery of the results that support or defeat the hypothesis.
The last sentence of the Abstract is also the first, umbrella statement of the Conclusion.
Abstract is the summary of any type of work but conclusion on the other hand a very short ending. Abstract therefore, contains background, methods, result in short form. But conclusion just bears only a the importance of your results/finding or some times future direction witin a few sentences. Conclusion is just like a final message but abstract is the whole summary.
Abstract About is a summary of a research article, or thesis, or critical opinion, or record of the meeting, or conference etc.
Dear Dr.
Abstract explane all experiment conditions including materials and methods and results, but conclusion includ the summary of results.
Regards,
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