What is the difference between Apomixis with Somatic Adventitious Embryogenesis with Non-zygotic Embryogenesis?
Hi!
In simple all the three modes are vegetative reproduction, formation of seeds with out reproduction i.e. with out fertilization.
plants developed by the above methods are genetically identical or simply called clonal propagation and the methods are extensively used in plant breeding and have useful contribution in plant breeding.
If you come individually
Apomixis, reproduction by special generative tissues without fertilization. It includes parthenogenesis in animals, in which the new individual develops from the unfertilized egg, and apogamy in certain plants, in which the generative tissue may be the sporophyte or the gametophyte.
Somatic embryogenesis a single somatic cell or group of somatic cellls develop into embryo or plant. Somatic embryos are formed from plant cells that are not normally involved in the development of embryos, i.e. ordinary plant tissue.
Any cell of the female gametophyte or Sporophytic tissue around the embryo sac may give rise to an embryo and such embryos are called non zygotic embryos or Haccius (1978) defined a non-zygotic embryo as 'a new individual arising from a single cell and having no vascular connection with maternal tissues'.
with the advent of technology and knowledge the above said simpler definitions are no longer accepted. Refer literature.
hi jetty, thank you. I know what they mean but I did not understand the difference between these terms.what is difference between Apomixis with Somatic Adventitious Embryogenesis?
Hi Ali,
if you understand the term you understand the difference too. I made a table. Apomixis is a natural process that occur in few families, asexual cloning through seeds. Where as somatic embryogenesis is in vitro process and many factors affect it, like growth hormones, nutrients, ex-plant genotype etc.etc. If you have time Google it there are very good articles,.
Hope I could explain to your level of understanding or still I have to read a lot!!!.
hi Jetty, thanks for your attention!
but I need difference between Apomixis with Somatic Adventitious Embryogenesis.
Adventitious! Not all somatic embryogenesis!
Regards
Hi! Ali,
As you know what is Apomixis and already explained in the previous, I just talk about adventitious somatic embryogenesis so your doubt will be cleared.
To make it clear, go to your earlier studies and remind about root system, 2 types, 1. Tap root system and 2. Adventitious root system. Adventitious (from the Latin term adventicius, meaning "not belonging to") are roots that form on organs other than roots, such as a leaf or stem. In some plants, adventitious roots are a means of vegetative propagation such as for raspberries, apples, and cabbage or "developing in an abnormal position, as a root that grows from a stem".
In the same way if you come to tissue culture, embryos "added or appearing accidentally or unexpectedly" or "associated by chance and not as an integral part; extrinsic" or "abnormal proliferation and initiation of accessory/adventitious embryos by manipulation of growth hormones"
refer the following your get clear idea
1. Principles of Plant Genetics and Breeding
By George Acquaah
chapter Clonal propagation and invitro culture page 153
2. Rapid multiplication of adventitious somatic embryos of Panax ginseng
Sarita Arya, Inder Dev Arya, Tage Eriksson
3. Plant Cell reports (1990)9:280-264
4. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ culture Aug 1993 Vol 34, 2: 157-162
Hope it clear or ???
Cheers!!
thanks dear jetty,
The resources that are in my possession, Adventitious Apomixis and somatic Adventitious embryogenesis is expressed , in your opinion this is the one?
Hi!
It seems many answered your question reg. the classification,
I too saw a book online just abstract and another in detail try, if you like and afford go for that, link is
http://www.cabdirect.org/abstracts/19550304460.html
the following also by the same author Wardlaw, C. W. (Claude Wilson), 1901-
http://archive.org/stream/embryogenesisinp00ward/embryogenesisinp00ward_djvu.txt
I have seen your classification; it should be changed though the terms are correct.
Embryogenesis, simply speaking formation of embryo after fertilization following PROGRAMMED PATTERN OF CELL DIVISION, but it has very broader meaning.
Plants have a peculiar character, cell division continues throughout the life in meristems i.e. roots and stems and another character totipotency basing on this property, tissue culture techniques what you are talking about adventitious somatic embryogenesis are developed and exploited in plant breeding.
Embryogenesis varies from flowering plants to non-flowering plants. Development from primitive stage to advancement (evolutionary aspects) basing on that we can do classification.
Hope you got some idea reg. classification.
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