But keep in mind we don't know yet (at least for me) how a somatic cell becomes competent; what sort of changes happens to be alike a zygotic cell. I suspect we still need a full molecular analysis from your both cells to see the "differences" between them. Conceptually, however, stem cells are stem cell by definition, no matter where they are located. I won't be surprised if differences would be found between them. But if they are relevant differences, it remains to be seem...
The take: making right questions is 50% to find right answers... You made a good one.
But keep in mind we don't know yet (at least for me) how a somatic cell becomes competent; what sort of changes happens to be alike a zygotic cell. I suspect we still need a full molecular analysis from your both cells to see the "differences" between them. Conceptually, however, stem cells are stem cell by definition, no matter where they are located. I won't be surprised if differences would be found between them. But if they are relevant differences, it remains to be seem...
The take: making right questions is 50% to find right answers... You made a good one.
in addition, I'd like to raise the following points
Somatic competent cells (SCC; ~embryonic) are so "per se" or were they ready but need to be externally "induced" to like when plant hormones are employed?
Now, SAM (shoot apical meristem) cells. Remember they keep producing differentiated cells for new organs or tissues, while zygotic stem cells (ZSC) are of bipolar nature - producing roots and shoots, as SCC. Because the ZSC and SCC come from different kinds of tissues, it is reasonable to expect they are also different, molecularly speaking...
In accordance with Luis Carlos Ramos, add that the shoot apical meristematic cells can not be considered totipotent, but, pluripotent because they are designed to develop most tissues of the plant organism, but not a whole organism (totipotency). Additionally, the return of a cell to the totipotent stadium, in a particular tissue by the addition of plant growth regulators to the media culture occurs by dedifferentiation of the cell up to this stage (totipotent). Likewise, the cells of a particular tissue can undergo dedifferentiation to give the pluripotent stage and become determined for organogenesis (adventitious buds or roots). Therefore, both responses (somatic embryogenesis) and adventitious organogenesis (buds or roots) are dependent on the acquisition of competence in a particular (s) cell (s) to follow certain morphogenetic pathway (determination) in response to external factors (plant growth regulators, sucrose, light, etc.) and internal factors (cellular positioning, transcription factors, etc.). During dedifferentiation, the cells undergo the process of demethylation of DNA (cellular reprogramming), which has been reported as distinct from pluripotent and totipotent cells. In this context, it is likely that the shoot and root apical meristem cells differ considerably in the degree of methylation compareted to totipotent cells, and were already differentiated ultrastructurally by Verdeil et al. (2007): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17499544