Well, productivity alone is not a clear terminology in my opinion. It would be helpful to distinguish between partial and total factor productivity. For example, labor productivity, land productivity is partial productivity measurement. So before talking about productivity, it should be clear which productivity concept you refer to.

@ Haoran I mean the modern approach to productivity. I give some applications of this link is the focus of one colleague Boris and I http://scholar.google.com/citations?user=xOMaNU0AAAAJ&hl=en http://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=en&user = D448zNoAAAAJ

Productivity is categorized into three basic types. They are Partial Productivity, total Factor Productivity and Total Productivity. Productivity in it's simplest form is the ratio of output/input. It's required to find out how efficiently the input(s) (like capital, labor, material, energy etc.) are utilized to produce the output (i.e. goods or services). Partial productivity is the ratio of the output to one of the inputs. Total factor productivity is the ratio of output and (labor+Capital) input. Whereas Total productivity is the ratio of output to summation of all possible tangible inputs utilized to generate the output. Productivity is considered as better method of investigating the performance(of a firm or industry or even nation) over the profit rates calculated by financial managers.

Ok Aloke our collegueas Boris Brvo Ureta difine the frontier function model introduced

by Farrell uses the efficient unit isoquant to measure economic efficiency, and to decompose this measure into technical and allocative efficiency. In this model, technical efficiency (TE) is defined as the firm’s ability to produce maximum output

given a set of inputs and technology. Stated differently, technical inefficiency reflects

the failure of attaining the highest possible level of output given inputs an Technology.

It is important to distinguish TE from technological change, where the latter reflects

an upward shift of the production function or a downward shift of the unit isoquant....................http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/handle/31643

Dear Aloke in this link you can to find some software tha you can to use for Productivity analysis http://www.uq.edu.au/economics/cepa/software.php

Is there any link to download SAS 9.2/9.3 or above? SAS is required for advanced regression analysis for productivity analysis.

Dear Carlos Thank you for the link provided. I would find out whether I can use them in my research. But, I badly need SAS. So kindly send any link if it is available.

Productivity means the output in relation to per unit of input or per unit of area. There are several wars on productivity analysis. You may refer my artical on 'Average productivity Index' .

Well I would like to know some tools for make htis analysis.

Dear Lal do you have some link for 'Average productivity Index'

I think this Wikipedia article may shed some additional light on your questions:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Productivity

Dear Emery I would like to know if you have some knolowlege of some paper about.

What the malmquist index, approach DEA about?

I found your question after a long time. The API was developed by myself. Did you find the article. If not please write me.

Thanks, but can you give the link to find it. I would like to share the API.

Carlos, I think that measures of productivity in a development context challenges policy makers to maintain a focus on the well being of their constituents. Once we take a technical view of a production process, we have already voted for the notion of "efficiency" as a standard of valuation of production processes. Because Capitalism directs our attention to the creation of capital, we are not likely to assess the production efficiency of "negative externalities" in their many varieties and forms. Herein lies the tacit neglect of a range of development factors that are impacted, but not measured, in the productivity calculus. Like in a cost-benefit analysis, the parameters of the accounting timeframe and the items of inclusion, i.e., the scope or specificity of elements of revenue or cost included in the analysis, tend to bias the calculated outcomes of analysis. Without a policy decision re the depth and scope of the productivity analysis, the default seems to fall to impact on capital.

Dear Emery, thanks for you comment. What is the system production about. The problem is to consider traditional varaibles for production system as capital, labor and other input. In recent cotext the climate change may be includes, for example, so is it important the productivity analyzes for this proposes where the policy makers may be consider it.

Carlos, I will have to think about how to answer your question. The complexity of determining input costs, for example, can be compounded should negative externalities be included, e.g. lost access to water resources in the instance of a "fracking" technology used to capture oil. The owners of wells supplied by the same aquifers used to supply water to the oil producers may incur the cost of alternative water supplies if the aquifer is contaminated or exhausted by the production of oil. Are these costs, negative externalities, to be included in the costs of inputs for the oil producer? Is the loss of suitable sources of crop irrigation to be included in the costs of inputs to the oil producer? The government's policy decisions re licensing and taxing of the oil producer could force the cost of these negative externalities onto the production costs of the oil producer. Climate change impacts on production resources and costs could be included in the industrial policy decisions of developing nations.

That is an interesting way to focused the research. So I am thinkink that my anwser is yes, all model have that problema, how we can to consider all necesary variable to include, I think that DEA approach is appropaite for this discussion, what do you think about?

Carlos,

this 2015 publication may assist in defining productivity

“Productivity is, above all, a state of mind. It is an attitude that seeks the continuous improvement of what exists. It is a conviction that one can do better today than yesterday, and that tomorrow will be better than today.”

European Productivity Agency, Rome Conference, 1959

Carlos,

These papers may also help

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/299747565_Towards_a_talent-driven_outward-oriented_globally-competitive_SME_framework_Discussion_Paper

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/305687139_Priority_policy_recommendations_for_transforming_individual_productivity_and_SME_competitiveness_in_Jamaica

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/299604127_Human_Factors_Affecting_Productivity_in_Jamaica_Technical_Report_on_Preliminary_Findings

Technical Report Human Factors Affecting Productivity in Jamaica: Technical R...

Technical Report Towards a talent-driven outward-oriented globally-competitiv...

Technical Report Priority policy recommendations for transforming individual ...

I am working on the use of the DEA methodology to see the impact of COVID 19 on the productivity of the economy of the most affected countries. I consider that we should all now see these variables of Covid as it did with that of climate change. The effects and impact on the economy are broadly measurable with decreased productivity.

Productivity is a measure of economic performance that compares the amount of goods and services produced (output) with the amount of inputs used to produce those goods and services.

Let’s unpack productivity together! What does productivity truly mean in today’s fast-paced world? We invite you to share your perspectives, experiences, and definitions. Whether it’s in the workplace, at home, or in our personal lives, your insights can help shape a richer understanding of this crucial concept. Join the conversation and let’s explore the many dimensions of productivity!