- According to Environmental Criminology, Environment can be divided into three aspects as Social, Built and Natural Environment. When doing such research regarding Urban Property crimes, What are the Specific Social factors that can be identified in Urban areas?
- And also What kind of methodology would be the best for data gathering?
Shaw and McKay compared delinquency rates in various areas within twenty-one cities and concluded that three urban conditions promote high delinquency rates: poverty, racial heterogeneity, and mobility, with poverty surfacing as the most important factor.
Shaw and McKay studied crime in CHICAGO across neighborhoods, not across or in 21 cities. To be sure, there are some other researchers who have applied findings from Shaw and McKay to examine crime at the community level across cities.
Nevertheless, Shaw and McKay's work has become a standard starting point for research into the effects of social disorganization on crime. There are a number of important studies in this area (i.e., Sampson, Robert J., and W. Byron Groves. "Community structure and crime: Testing social-disorganization theory." American journal of sociology 94, no. 4 (1989): 774-802.). As an overview of research in this area, see: Warner, Barbara D., and Robert J. Sampson. "Social disorganization, collective efficacy, and macro-level theories of social control." In Challenging Criminological Theory, pp. 215-234. Routledge, 2017;
Kubrin, Charis E., and Michelle D. Mioduszewski. "Social disorganization theory: Past, present and future." In Handbook on crime and deviance, pp. 197-211. Springer, Cham, 2019.
