Dear @ Al-Husseini
There are many well known types of hydraulic structures and techniques that are used to dissipate energy in hydraulic structures (which are known as energy dissipaters) including block ramps, stepped spillways, hydraulic jump stilling basins, ski jumps, and impact dissipater.
You can find details of these structures in the books of applied hydraulics, hydraulic structures, dams and others which are related to hydraulic engineering.
Kindly, you can see here
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/275637248_Overview_Of_Energy_Dissipators_And_Stilling_Basins_With_Design_Aspects_Of_Hydraulic_Ju
https://www.codot.gov/programs/environmental/water-quality/documents/drainage-design-manual/drainagedesignmanual_chapter11_energydissipators.pdf
http://www.sddot.com/business/design/docs/drainage/Chapter%2011-Energy%20Dissipators.pdf
Chanson, H. (2015). "Energy Dissipation in Hydraulic Structures." IAHR Monograph, CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, Leiden, The Netherlands, 168 pages (ISBN 978-1-138-02755-8). (contents encompass a range of design techniques )
Regards
Dear Thulfikar
In addition to types were mentioned by Mr. Dhiaa, you can use (Screen walls) for energy dissipation.
you can see the following link:
http://dergipark.gov.tr/download/article-file/127027
Best Regards
Most of the time energy dissipating hydraulic structures are hydraulic jump types such as; hydraulic jump stilling basins, stepped spillways,ski jumps and etc.
I recommend you look at "Hydraulic Design of Energy Dissipators for Culverts and Channels," known as HEC-14, here: https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/engineering/hydraulics/pubs/06086/hec14.pdf
Dear Thulfikar
All above answers are useful structures to dissipate energy available in most hydraulic structures books. Screen Walls mentioned by D. Raad Hoobi is a useful tool which can be used with different shapes (you can Sohag University Journal , Jan 2013, Effect of different shapes of holes on energy dissipation through perpendicular screen). Providing a cushion of water at downstream is also useful to reduce the impact of water on downstream parts.
Energy dissipation may be realised by a wide range of design techniques. A number of modern developments have demonstrated that such energy dissipation may be achieved (a) along the chute, (b) in a downstream energy dissipator, or (c) a combination of both.
Dear Thulfikar
All above answers are useful structures to dissipate energy available in most hydraulic structures books. Screen Walls mentioned by D. Raad Hoobi is a useful tool which can be used with different shapes ,as well as you can use untraditional end sill
This book is very useful
Hydraulics of Spillways and Energy Dissipators ( Khatsuria)
Regards
I believe that Screen Walls mentioned by Dr. Raad Hoobi energy have executive issues.
As explated by Dr. al-Robay dissipation may be achieved (A) along the chute, (B) in a downstream energy dissipator, or (C) a combination of both.
A) Along the chute such as, stepped spillways or USBR Type IX Baffled Apron.
B) In a downstream the hydraulic structures such as, stilling basins, roller bucket, ski jump bucket.
C)A combination of both.
Submerged water jets and consequently submerged hydraulic jump is another way of energy dissipation leading to higher rate of dissipation along with reducing destructive effects of existing methods.
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