For a DNA vector to be efficiently expressed, a highly active plasmid should be used which may contain strong viral promoters (such as SV40 or RSV) to increase in vitro rate of transcription and translation.
It varies from plasmid to another. However, human cytomegalovirus promoter is the most common promoter used in DNA vaccine vectors as it is very active in most mammalian cells. Moreover, the trick in designing any DNA vaccine is to design the best approach for getting the highest expression of your gene of interest such as codon optimization of your gene Open Reading Frame (ORF), adding Kozak sequence upstream your start codon, etc. Attached link is for a paper, which might be useful Article Vector Design for Improved DNA Vaccine Efficacy, Safety and Production