Yes unanimous agrregation of protein is cause of neurodegegenerative symptoms of molecular biology means bad disease of suffering like Parkinson,Alzheimer's etc .
Dear Dr. Saroj Kumar Khan
Yes, I agree with you that aggregation of protein is bad and is a cause of neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson and Alzheimer's. Unfortunately, the mechanism explaining protein misfolding and protein aggregation, is not clearly understood at the molecular and cellular level.
It is well understood that functional proteins must pass through a quality control process in terms of folding to perform various physiological functions like catalysis, cellular transport, signal transmission and regulation, etc. However, there are a variety of structural and environmental factors that influence this process negatively. If you would be interested, I would like to list a few of them.
1. The protein structure, both the primary and secondary structures are most important for the physical and chemical characteristics. However, it could also be responsible for aggregation. For instance, the position and the number of hydrophobic amino acid residues in proteins may influence the aggregation behavior. The most common types of secondary structures, the α helix and the β pleated sheet may also have a role to play in protein aggregation.
2. Mutations play a determinative role in protein aggregation, and they may dramatically alter solubility, stability, and aggregation tendency of proteins. For instance, thermally stable proteins may change its stability even with a point mutation in its structure.
3. Post translational modification, especially phosphorylation plays a significant role in neurodegenerative diseases. For example, Alzheimer’s associated with tauopathy due to aggregation of the tau protein. In the brain, tau protein is found in neurons, and it can be phosphorylated with kinase enzyme. Thus, formation of aberrant tau aggregates accumulates in neurons, thereby exerting their toxic effects causing neuronal loss and synaptic alteration.
4. It is well-known that oxidative stress can cause protein oxidation, in particular, free radicals and ROS. Toxic free radicals can convert proteins into aggregation forms or proteins can be aggregated by conformational changes.
5. Environmental pH plays an important role in protein aggregation due to changes in net charge on protein. At low pH proteins may show aggregation tendency.
Best Wishes,
Malcolm Nobre
- Badges
- Science method