You may use short symptom questionnaires like the Neuropathy Symptom Score (NSS) or the Neuropathy Deficit Score (NDS).
Clinical examination includes simple neurological tests like sensation of pressure and touch (with 10-g Semmes-Weinstein monofilament), vibratory sensibility (with 128 Hz tuning fork according to Rydel-Seiffer), or temperature perception (with cold tuning fork, ice water cooled test tube, Tip-Therm). You will find information on these tests in mostly every guideline on diabetic neuropathy.
In addition to the tests described by Dr. Krichbaum, we also check for small fiber neuropathy with a commercially available thermometric technique that also gives us semi- quantitative information on heat and cold perception thresholds.